Protection and Immune Evasion Flashcards
1
Q
Cryptosporidium parvum
A
able to persist in juveniles because it needs TCR-alpha-beta
1
Q
Salmonella enterica
A
- crosses enterocyte gut lumen
- system in macrophages and EC
- TLR4, 5, 9, NLRs
- complement and Paneth (defensins, hydrolyses, lysozymes)
2
Q
Eimeria
A
forms a parasitophorous enterocyte vacuole
3
Q
Trichuris and Trichella
A
- IL4 and 9
4
Q
Immune evasion
A
1) speed
2) inhibition
3) avoidance
4) variation
5) smoke-screening
6) misleading
5
Q
Inhibition
A
- HepC interferes with TLR adaptors
- poxviruses create chemokine decoys
- HIV intracellular replication
- influenza and gonorrhoea digest antibodies
- P. aeuroginosa elastase can degrade complement
- Staphylococcus aureus produces coagulase
- S. pneumonia has a slippery capsule
6
Q
avoiding detection
A
- induce tolerance
- avoid totally
- mimic host
7
Q
induce tolerance
A
retroviral murine mammory tumour virus superantigen deletes T cell families
8
Q
avoid
A
papillomavirus keratinised outer skin layer, toxoplasma gondii forms cerebral cysts, plasmodium hides in RBCs
9
Q
host mimicry
A
Schistoma
10
Q
variation
A
- surface glycoproteins: African trypanosome (10% of genome)
- gene families: malaria
11
Q
smoke-screening
A
superantigens or mitogens incite polyclonal, specific immunity (meningitis, streptococcus, T. Canis L3 larvae)
12
Q
misleading
A
- Leishmania major drives Th2
- Brugia Malay TGFbeta homologue
