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Exam Prep 2.0 > Nuclear import and export > Flashcards

Nuclear import and export Flashcards

1
Q

NE

A
  • perinuclear space (20-50nm)
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2
Q

nuclear lamina

A

nuclear cytoskeleton attached to lamins

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3
Q

lamins

A

intermediate filaments

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4
Q

Regulatory NE functions

A
  1. gene expression
  2. QC
  3. selective control of nuclear content
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5
Q

passive diffusion

A
  • 30-60kDa polar
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6
Q

NPC

A
  • 500-1000 protein
  • highly conserved; diameter, abundance, distribution and NUPs vary
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7
Q

Symmetric core

A
  • structural foundation of NPC
  • cytoplasmic and nucleoplasmic rings = scaffold NUPs
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8
Q

TM NUPs

A

anchor NPC to membrane

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9
Q

vesicle coat, adaptin-related NUPs

A

stabilise membrane shape

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10
Q

FG NUPs

A
  • highly disordered
  • low charge, high mean hydrophobicity
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11
Q

selective

A

phase model

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12
Q

asymmetric

A
  • docking sites for transporter (disassembly) protein complices
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13
Q

protein import

A
  • histones
  • lamins
  • pols
  • TFs
  • snRPs
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14
Q

protein export

A

shuttling

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15
Q

karyopherin

A

conformational change upon cargo binding increases hydrophobic surfaces

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16
Q

importin-beta

A
  • heat repeat (approx 30-40 residues)
  • amphiphilic alpha helix BD rotate
  • (importin alpha adaptor protein)
17
Q

Classical NLS

A
  • short stretch +ve residues (Lys, Arg)
  • mono and bipartite
  • bioinformatics
18
Q

multivalent binding

A

multiple FG NUPs engage with receptor surface

19
Q

RanGTPase

A
  • low intrinsic activity
  • small molecular switch
20
Q

NES

A
  • 8-15 residue motif
  • 4-5 hydrophobic residues (Leu/Val/Ile/Phe/Met) bind groove
  • large array
21
Q

How does RanGDP enter nucleus?

A

Nft2

22
Q

bulk mRNA export - the basics

A
  • dimeric
  • human: Nfx1-Nxt1
  • yeast: Mex62/Mtr2
23
Q

CBP

A
  • cap binding protein
  • promotes splicing
  • compacts mRNA
24
Q

exon interactome

A

TREX, Dbp5

25
Q

Dbp5

A
  • DED-box protein 5
  • helicase
26
Q

Bulk mRNA transport - the specifics

A
  1. mRNP diffuses from TSS to NPC (rate limiting step: secs/mins)
  2. TREX, SR recruit Nxf1-Ntx1 (increases RNA affinity)
  3. mRNP-Nxf1-Ntx1 docks nuclear basket (approx 100ms)
  4. NPC translocation
  5. Dbp5 binds Gle1
  6. ATP hydrolysis; reduced RNA-affinity; Xpo-dissociation
  7. Nxf1 detaches (80ms)
  8. protein dissociation during translation and NPC-import
27
Q

mRNP

A

mRNA-containing ribonucleoprotein

28
Q

Nxf1-Ntf1

A

nuclear RNA export factor 1- ntf2-like export factor 1

29
Q

Gle1

A

cytoplasmic filament NUP

30
Q

Selective mRNA transport

A
  1. CRM1
  2. mRNP
  3. cd1
  4. MHC
31
Q

nuclear envelope budding

A
  • mega RNP granule
  • perinuclear vesicles fuse ONM/ER
32
Q

actively transcribed genes

A

NPC-adjacent

33
Q

NPCs and vesicle coating complices

A

common ancestry

34
Q

LECA

A

Ran and karyopherins

Exam Prep 2.0 (33 decks)

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