Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells - 2.6 (2) Flashcards
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Is the flagella of prokaryotes thinner than the flagella in eukaryotes?
yes
Does the flagella in prokaryotes have the 9+2 arrangement?
no
What is the energy to rotate the filament that forms the flagellum supported by?
from the process of chemiosmosis, not from ATP as in eukaryotic cells
What is the flagellum attached to?
the cell membrane of a bacterium by a basal body
What is the flagellum rotated by?
a molecular motor
What does the basal body attach the filament comprising the flagellum to?
the cell-surface membrane of a bacterium
What does the molecular motor cause the hook to do?
to rotate giving the filament a whip like movement
What does the whip like movement do to the cell?
this then propels the cell
When did the first eukaryotic cell appear?
about 1.5 billion years ago
What kind of cells are much more complex than prokaryotic cells?
eukaryotic cells
In eukaryotic cells, how is the DNA kept?
within a nucleus and exists as multiple chromosomes, which are supercoiled
What does each chromosome in eukaryotic cells wrap around a number of?
proteins called histones, forming a complex for efficient packaging
What is this complex called?
chromatin
What does chromatin do?
it coils and condenses to form chromosomes
In eukaryotic cells, what happens to the eukaryotic genes?
they are generally switched on and off individually
