More microscopy - 2.3 (1) Flashcards

Module 2, Chapter 2, 2.3, Page 19

1
Q

What started the science of cell biology?

A

light microscopy

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2
Q

Does light microscopy have limitations?

A

yes

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3
Q

In which era was the electron microscope founded?

A

In the middle of the 20th century

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4
Q

What revolutionised the study of cells?

A

electron microscopy

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5
Q

What does electron microscopy enable biologists to see?

A

deep inside structures that were invisible under a light microscope

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6
Q

What can be achieved by easily using the appropriate lenses in light microscopy?

A

increased magnification

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7
Q

In light microscopy, if an image is blurred, what will not be able to be seen?

A

no more detail

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8
Q

What is the limiting factor?

A

resolution

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9
Q

What is electron microscopy?

A

a beam of electrons with a wavelength of less than 1nm is used to illuminate the specimen

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10
Q

What can be seen in more detail with electron microscopy?

A

more detail of cell ultrastructure

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11
Q

How can more detail of cell ultrastructure be seen?

A

because electrons have a much smaller wavelength than light waves

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12
Q

What can electron microscopes produce images with magnifications of up to?

A

x500 000 and still have clear resolution

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13
Q

What has changed the way we understand cells but still has disadvantages?

A

electron microscopes

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14
Q

Are electron microscopes very expensive pieces of equipment?

A

yes

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15
Q

Where can electron microscopes be used?

A

inside a carefully controlled enviroment in a dedicated space

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16
Q

What can happen to specimens as a disadvantage of electron microscopy?

A

specimens can be damaged by the electron beam

17
Q

How can specimens be damaged by the electron beam?

A

because the preparation process is very complex as there is a problem with artefacts

18
Q

What are artefacts?

A

structures that are produced due to the preparation process

19
Q

How can these artefacts be eliminated?

A

through the improvement of techniques

20
Q

What are the two types of electron microscopes?

A

Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM)

21
Q

What occurs in transmission electron microscopy?

A

a beam of electrons is transmitted through a specimen and focused to produce an image

22
Q

What occurs in scanning electron microscopy?

A

a beam of electrons is sent across the surface of a specimen and the reflected electrons are collected.

23
Q

Which type of electron microscope has a better resolution?

A

transmission electron microscope (TEM)

24
Q

What resolving power does a transmission electron microscope have?

25
What resolving power does a scanning electron microscope have?
3-10nm
26
Which electron microscope produces a stunning three-dimensional image of surfaces?
scanning electron microscope
27
What valuable information do scanning electron microscopes give us?
the appearance of different organisms
28
What is resolving power?
the smallest detail that a microscope can resolve when imaging a specimen