Eukaryotic cell structure - 2.4 (6)

Question 1

What can ribosomes be?

Answer 1

free-floating in the cytoplasm

Question 2

What can ribosomes be attached to?

Answer 2

endoplasmic reticulum -> forming rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 3

What are ribosomes not surrounded by?

Answer 3

a membrane

Question 4

What are ribosomes constructed / made of?

Answer 4

RNA molecules made in the nucleolus of the cell

Question 5

What are ribosomes the site of?

Answer 5

protein synthesis

Question 6

What does mitochondria and chloroplasts contain?

Answer 6

ribosomes, as do prokaryotic cells

Question 7

What is the golgi apparatus similar in structure to?

Answer 7

the smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 8

Does the golgi apparatus have a compact structure formed of cisternae?

Answer 8

yes

Question 9

What does the golgi apparatus not contain?

Answer 9

ribosomes

Question 10

What does the golgi apparatus have a role in modifying?

Answer 10

proteins and ‘packaging’ them into vesicles

Question 11

If the proteins are destined to leave the cell…

Answer 11

then these may be secretory vesicles

Question 12

If the proteins stay in the cell…

Answer 12

then these are lysosomes

Question 13

Protein production - 1) proteins are synthesised on the ribosomes bound to…

Answer 13

the endoplasmic reticulum

Question 14

Protein production - 2) Where will the proteins then pass into?

Answer 14

the cisternae and are packaged into transport vesicle

Question 15

Protein production - 3) Where will the vesicles containing the newly synthesised proteins move towards?

Answer 15

the golgi apparatus via the transport function of the cytoskeleton

Question 16

Protein production - 4) What do the vesicles fuse with?

Answer 16

the cis face of the golgi apparatus and then the proteins enter

Question 17

Protein production - 5) What happens to the proteins before leaving the golgi apparatus in vesicles from its trans face?

Answer 17

they are structurally modified

Question 18

Protein production - 6) What do secretory vesicles carry?

Answer 18

proteins that are to be released from the cell

Question 19

Protein production - 7) Where do the vesicles move towards and fuse with?

Answer 19

the cell-surface membrane -> releasing their contents by exocytosis

Question 20

Protein production - 8) What do some vesicles form?

Answer 20

lysosomes

Question 21

Protein production - 9) What do lysosomes contain?

Answer 21

enzymes for use in the cell