Prokaryotes and Viruses

Question 1

Viroids

Answer 1

Naked Rna. interfere with gene regulation. Plant diseases

Question 2

Bacteria

Answer 2

single chromosome, no membrane-bound organelles or nucleus. Peptidoglycan in cell wall. Glycocalyx helps attach to surfaces. Sex pili and plasmids. Prokaryotic fission or conjugation. metabolic diversity

Question 3

Comparative Biochemistry of prokaryotes revealed what?

Answer 3

evolutionary history

Question 4

What are cyanobacteria good for? What’s an example of a symbiotic relationship>

Answer 4

helped enrich the early atmosphere with oxygen. It provides nutrients for fungi, while fungi provide damp environment.

Question 5

Gram-positive usually means

Answer 5

chemoheterotrophs

Question 6

What does an endospore do? (6 resistances)

Answer 6

Endospores help bacteria survive in difficult/new environments. It can resist heat, irradiation, boiling water, disinfectants and drying

Question 7

Archaea

Answer 7

prokaryotic, no membrane-bound organelles or nucleus. One chromosome. Pseudopeptidoglycan. Extreemophiles

Question 8

Name the extremophiles

Answer 8

methanogens - methane makers. thermophiles - heat lovers. halophiles - salt lovers

Question 9

What is the difference between an infection and a disease

Answer 9

infection: invasion of a pathogen/parasite that the host can fend off.
disease: host cannot fend of pathogen/parasite by itself

Question 10

A pathogen is very dangerous if it has these three things:

Answer 10

Overwhelming quantity
mutant strain
novel host

Question 11

The lysogenic process cannot just infect any cell, it can only infect…

Answer 11

bacterial DNA