Principles Of Spine Surgery

Question 1

Goals of Spine Surgery

Answer 1

Atraumatic Access
Relieve Patients Symptoms
Restoration of Alignment
Achieve Stability

Question 2

Direction Decompression

Answer 2

Removing the anatomy directly impacting the pathology

Question 3

Indirect COmpression

Answer 3

Enlargement of space around neural structures using something else

Question 4

Formainotomy

Answer 4

Enlargement of intervertebral foramen

Question 5

Laminotomy

Answer 5

Partial removal of lamina

Question 6

Hami-laminectomy

Answer 6

Half-removal of lamina

Question 7

Laminesctomy

Answer 7

Removal lamina

Question 8

Laminoplasty

Answer 8

Reshaping of the lamina to increase the diameter of the spinal chord

Question 9

Resection

Answer 9

Removal of something

Question 10

Debriment

Answer 10

Clean out infection

Question 11

Rational of spinal fusion

Answer 11

Limit motion
Maintain alignment
Stabilize

Question 12

Steps of ACDF

Answer 12

Incision; make cut
Dissection; move the muscle
Retraction; moving tissue to gain access
Distraction; pulling two things apart

Question 13

PLF

Answer 13

Posterior-Lateral Fusion, no interbody fusion

Question 14

ALIF

Answer 14

Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion

Question 15

Correction of Deformity

Answer 15

Coronal Plane- Scoliosis- Correction- Translation
Sagittal Plane- kyphosis/neutral/ Lordosis- Correction- Reduction
Axial Plane- Rotational Deformity- Correction - Derotation

Question 16

Potential Surgical Complications

Answer 16

Significant blood loss
Neurological injury
Instrumentation failure
Pseudo art hosts or non union
Wound infection
Donor site pain

Question 17

Monopolar

Answer 17

Electrosurgery tool used cut, coagulate, and desiccate

Flow electrode pad attached to patient

Question 18

Bipolar

Answer 18

Tongs shaped electrosurgery Device, current passes between arms into tissue.
Low voltage, better control

Question 19

Flow of surgery

Answer 19

Cut/dissect
Retract
*monitor bleeding
Disc removal, bone removal
Instruments
Implant
Close

Question 20

Scalpel types

Answer 20

10 blade, used for small incisions

15 blade, small, precise

Question 21

Forceps

Answer 21

Instrument for grabbing

Question 22

Army Navy retractor

Answer 22

Two sided retractor

Question 23

Ratched Retractors

Answer 23

Used then kept in place to keep tissue apart

-beckman retractor, has hinge

Question 24

Rongeurs

Answer 24

Heavy duty instrument with sharp edge for gouging out bone

Question 25

Kerrison Ronguer or Punch

Answer 25

Used for cutting away small pieces, 45 to 90 degrees, blunt edge and cuts towards surgeon. Good for cutting near sensitive areas

Question 26

Kelly Hemostatic Forcep

Answer 26

Used to stop bleeding, ratcheting forcep

Question 27

Sponge stick

Answer 27

Long tongs with circular head

Question 28

Osteogenesis

Answer 28

Chisel with two beveled edges, used for cutting not chipping

Question 29

Curettes

Answer 29

Help remove bone in various sizes of cups and lengths

Question 30

Nerve hooks

Answer 30

Used to explore areas around delicate nerves around the spine

Question 31

Pituitary Ronguer or Pituitary instrument

Answer 31

Used to disc tissue removal

Question 32

Cobb Elevator

Answer 32

Rounded edge instrument often used to remove disc from endplates