Biomaterials Flashcards

1
Q

Fundamentals of Bone Tissue

A
Structural Support
Protection of Vital Organs
Environment for Bone Marrow
Mineral Reservoir
Movement
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2
Q

Bone Breakdown

A
Inorganic, 67%
-Hydroxyapatite, mostly minerals that give bone strength
Organic, 33%
-28% collagen
-5% noncollagenous protein
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3
Q

Stem Cells

A

Can multiply into other stem cells or differentiate into different cells

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4
Q

Osteoclasts

A

Resort old bones, come from Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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5
Q

Osteoblasts

A

Build new bone, come from mesenchymal stem cells, differentiate from osteoprogenitor cells

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6
Q

Osteocytes

A

Osteoblasts trapped in new bone structure, mature bone cells

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7
Q

Bone Remodeling

A

Activiation; Osteoprogenitors diff. Into osteoblasts to build new one
Resorption; Osteoclasts break down old bone
Formation; Osteoblasts build new bone matrix
Mineralization: osteoblasts trapped in new matrix as osteocytes, mineral content increases

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8
Q

Bone Grafts

A

Fix problems with joints due to trauma, age, etc
Grown bone around devices
Fill void where bone is absent
Promote spinal fusion

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9
Q

Bone graft healing

A
  1. Bone graft place in contact with bleeding (roughened ) bone
  2. Cells and blood vessels penetrate graft
  3. Bone formation begins at endplates through graft (creeping substitution)
  4. Osteoclasts and osteoblasts remake fusion mass into load bearing cortical bone
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10
Q

Osteogenic

A

Cells that differentiate into bone forming cells

-Autograph, bone marrow aspirate (BMA) mesenchymal stem cells

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11
Q

Osteoconductive

A

Scaffold for cells

-autograft, allograft, collagen, ceramics

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12
Q

Osteoinductive

A
  • contains material that induces stem cells to differentiate into osteoblasts
  • autograft, growth factors, BMPs, DMB
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13
Q

Osteostimulative

A

Accelerates bone formation

-active bone formation

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