Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bacte Lab (Finals > Principles of Antimicrobial Action and Resistance > Flashcards

Principles of Antimicrobial Action and Resistance Flashcards

1
Q

COMPOUNDS that are naturally produced by living microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi; natural, semisynthetic, or synthetic molecule used to treat or prevent disease

A

Antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Natural or synthesized substances that actively inhibit or kill microorganism

A

Antimicrobial agent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

This are obtained or purified by microorganisms

A

Natural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Substances that are chemically synthesize

A

Synthetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Antimicrobial action

A
  • Active form
  • Able to achieve sufficient concentration to take affect
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

One of the aspect of pharmacology where it deals with the action of the drugs when it comes to its activity

A

Pharmacokinetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What antibiotics are negative in Serum or blood?

A

Norfloxacin
Nitrofurantoin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What antibiotics that are positive in CSF?

A

MAC

Meropenem
Ampicillin
Ceftriaxone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What antibiotics that is/are negative in Urine?

A

Clindamycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

NOTE: for Antibiotics not mention

A

Serum/Blood: (+)
MACVCGC

Meropenem
Ampicillin
Ceftriaxone
Vancomycin
Ciprofloxacin
Gentamicin
Clindamycin

CSF (-)
GCNN

Gentamicin
Clindamycin
Norfloxacin
Nitrofurantoin

Urine (+)
MACVCG NN

Meropenem
Ampicillin
Ceftriaxone
Vancomycin
Ciprofloxacin
Gentamicin
Clindamycin
Norfloxacin
Nitrofurantoin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

NOTE: Reaching the target concentration results to the disruption of cellular activity such as growth inhibition or Cell death depending on the Mechanism of action

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Antimicrobial agents that inhibit bacterial growth, but generally do not kill the organism

A

Bacteriostatic agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Antimicrobial agents that kills the target organisms

A

Bactericidal agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Antibacterial agents that exhibit substantial specificity in terms of their bactericidal cell targets

A

Mode of Action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the Bacteriostatic agents?

A

TripL Subo TiTe EryCh CliQu

Trimethoprim
Linezolid
Sulfonamides
Tetracyclines
Tigecycline
Erythromycin (Macrolides)
Chloramphenicol
Clindamycin
Quinupristin (Dalfopristin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

2 Components of Peptidoglycan?

A

N-acetylglucosamine
N-acetylmuramic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Contains four-member, nitrogen containing, ring at the core of their structure

A

Beta-lactam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Responsible for inhibits transpeptidation process

A

Penicillin binding proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Process of creating cross links specifically the covalent bond between the peptidoglycan molecules

A

Transpeptidation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where beta lactamase specifically targets in the peptidoglycan.

A

In between N-acetylmuramic acid (Cross-linkage)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the examples of Beta-lactams?

A

Penicillin
Cephalosporin
Monobactams
Carbapenems

22
Q

Examples of penicillin?

A

Penicillin
Ampicillin
Piperacillin
Mezlocillin

23
Q

Examples of Cephalosporins

A

Cefazolin
Cefuroxime
Cefotetan
Ceftriaxone
Ceftazidime
Cefepime

24
Q

Example of Monobactam

A

Aztreonam

25
Q

Example of Carbapenems

A

Imipenem
Meropenem
Doripenem

26
Q

Binds to PBPS to inhibit?

A

Cell Wall synthesis

27
Q

In beta-lactams, they can be differentiated in their?

A

Extensions in beta-lactam ring

28
Q

Inhibiting the cell wall synthesis of bacteria result to?

A

Osmotic instability = Cell death

29
Q

Enzyme that inhibits beta-lactam group?

A

Beta-lactamases

30
Q

What bacteria that releases beta lactamases to the environment?

A

Gram positive

31
Q

What bacteria the release beta lactamases in the periplasmic space (Periplasm)

A

Gram negative

(Periplasmic space can only be located in gram negative bacteria)

32
Q

Group A and D of Beta lactamases are considered?

A

Serine peptidases

33
Q

Group C of Beta lactamases are considered?

A

Cephalosporinases

34
Q

Group B of Beta lactamases are considered?

A

Metallo-beta-lactamases

35
Q

Cofactor for Group B beta lactamases

A

Zinc

36
Q

Combination of 2 antibiotics (With antimicrobial acitivity and Without activity that is capable of inhibiting the beta lactamase enzyme)

A

Beta-Lactam combination

37
Q

Bacteria that that naturally produce beta lactams?

A

Penicillium notatum
Streptomyces cattleya
Cephalosporin acrenomium

38
Q

Targets both aerobic and anaerobic gram positive and negative bacteria?

A

Beta lactam

39
Q

Other major class of antibiotic that inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to the end of the peptidoglycan (PG), interfering with transpeptidation

A

Glycopeptides

40
Q

Glycopeptides that contain hydrophobic chemical groups that inhibit transglycosylation process necessary for cell wall synthesis

A

Lipoglycopeptides

41
Q

2 Monomers in peptidoglycan?

A

NAG and NAM

42
Q

Process of joining the peptidoglycan monomer to form a chain

A

Transglycosylation

43
Q

The size of the glycopeptide can penetrate with the outer membrane of gram negative bacteria? TRUE or FALSE?

A

FALSE

44
Q

What is the enzyme responsible for Transglycosylation?

A

Transglycosylase

45
Q

Example of glycopeptides?

A

Vancomycin, Telavancin

46
Q

Example of Lipoglycopeptides

A

Telavancin

47
Q

This Glycopeptides and lipoglycopeptides derives from what bacteria?

A

Acinetobacteria

48
Q

Gram positive bacteria including MRSA is the spectrum of this drug?

A

Glycopeptides and Lipoglycopeptides

49
Q

NOTE: Vancomycin treatment when used longer thn 3days should be monitored

A
50
Q

Binding and Disruption of cell membrane

A

Lipopeptides

51
Q

Lipopeptides is derived from what bacteria?

A

Streptomyces roseosporus
bacillus polymyxa

52
Q

What is the spectrum of activities for lipopeptides?

A

Gram positive (Res in beta lactams and glycopeptides)

Gram negative (Polymyxin B and Colistin)

Bacte Lab (Finals (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions