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Bacte Lab (Finals > Kirby bauer > Flashcards

Kirby bauer Flashcards

1
Q

To give information to physicians on the proper antibiotics that will give to the patient

To test the effectiveness of antibiotics

A

AST

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2
Q

AST comes with?

A

Culture

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3
Q

What are the methods of AST?

A

Diffusion
Dilution method

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4
Q

Examples of Diffusion method?

A

Kirby bauer
Agar cup diffusion method (Liquid)
Agar cylinder diffusion method (Liquid)
Epsilometer test

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5
Q

Most common medium for kirby bauer diffusion method?

A

Mueller hinton agar

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6
Q

Uses antibiotic in strips

A

Epsilometer test

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7
Q

Method of AST that is commonly used in research

A

Dilution method (Macro and Micro)

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8
Q

Generally, what is the incubation for kirby bauer?

A

18-24hrs

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9
Q

What is the measuring tool for measuring of zone of inhibition in actual practice?

A

Vernier caliper

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10
Q

Components of McFarland

A

99.5 mL of 1% sulfuric acid
0.5mL of 1.175% barium chloride

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11
Q

NOTE: Difference of McFarland differs in the amount of components

A
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12
Q

What is the optical density for McFarland?

A

600nm with an absorbance of 0.08 to 0.1

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13
Q

Research study have a protocol for McFarland, what is the nm?

A

625nm

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14
Q

Example of densitometer?

A

Sensititre Nephelometer

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15
Q

The green light in Sensititre nephelometer indicates?

A

0.5 McFarland/Density

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16
Q

The red light on the right side of the green light in Sensititre nephelometer indicates?

A

High density

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17
Q

The red light on the Left side of the green light in Sensititre nephelometer indicates?

A

Add NSS or Demineralized water

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18
Q

Sensititre nephelometer usually used what water in red light on the left?

A

Demineralized water

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19
Q

What is the concentration of NSS used in the Experiment?

A

0.85 - 0.9%

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20
Q

How many colonies from plated media should be put in the MHA?

A

4-5

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21
Q

What is the pH for MHA?

A

7.2 to 7.4

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22
Q

What is the depth of MHA?

A

5mm

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23
Q

NOTE: After prep of MHA, ref first then incubate for 10 - 20 mins To dry off moisture

A
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24
Q

What organisms can be used for MHA only?

A

Non-fastidious organisms

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25
Q

What organisms can be used for MHA + 5%NaCl?

A

Staphylococcus spp.
MRSA

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26
Q

What organisms can be used for MHA + 5% defibrinated blood sheep?

A

Haemophilus spp (Fastidious)
Streptococci spp (Hemolysis)

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27
Q

What is the size of plate in AST for 12 antibiotics?

A

150mm x 15mm (Big plate)

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28
Q

What is used for streaking the inoculum in AST?

A

Sterile cotton Swab

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29
Q

How to Streak in AST?

A

Vertical and Diagonal streaking (No Space)

30
Q

How many mins to stand in AST after streaking?

A

3 - 5 mins

31
Q

How many antibiotics should be impregnated in a paper disk ?

A

12 different antibiotics

32
Q

What is used to impregnated the antibiotics in a paper disk?

A

Sterile forceps

33
Q

How many antibiotics in outer part?

A

8

34
Q

How many antibiotics in Inner part?

A

4

35
Q

What is the proper spacing in between antibiotics?

A

> 15 mm

36
Q

In 100mm plate (Small petri dish), how many antibiotics can fit in this plate?

A

4-6 antibiotics

37
Q

What family of bacteria use in big plate for the detection of ESBL (Extended spectrum beta lactamases) and AmpC (Ampicillinase C)

A

Enterobacteriaceae

38
Q

What are the 6 antibiotics for Enterobacteriaceae

A

FOX
ATM
AMC
CAZ
CTX
IPM

39
Q

What are the antibiotics used for Staph and Strep?

A

Erythromycin
Clindamycin

(In the Middle)

40
Q

How many hours for incubation for Enterobacteriaceae?

A

16-18hrs

41
Q

How many hours for incubation for P. aeruginosa??

A

16-18 hrs

42
Q

How many hours for Enterococci with vancomycin Resistant?

A

24 hrs

43
Q

How many hours for Staphylococcus with Vancomycin and Methicillin resistant?

A

24 hours

44
Q

What is the incubation time for Strep?

A

20 - 24 hrs

45
Q

What is the incubation time for Neisseria ?

A

20 - 24 hrs with 5-10% CO2

46
Q

What is the incubation time for H. influenzae ?

A

16-18 hrs with 5-10% CO2

47
Q

Indicates an Organism is inhibited by the recommended dose

A

Susceptible

48
Q

Indicates an organism may require a higher dose for longer period of time

A

Intermediate

49
Q

Indicates an organism is not inhibited by recommended dose

A

Resistance

50
Q

What is the unit for Zone of inhibition?

A

millimeters

51
Q

What happens when Inoculum is too light and Nutritionally poor medium?

A

Zone is large

52
Q

What to do if the inoculum is too light?

A

Adjust the inoculum to McFarland 0.5 standard turbidity

53
Q

What to do Nutritionally poor medium?

A

Only use MHA

54
Q

What happens to the zone there is slow growing organisms and improper depth (Less than <5)?

A

Zone is large

55
Q

What to do if there is slow growing organisms

A

Use Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) only

56
Q

What happen to the zone is the inoculum is too heavy and improper depth >5?

A

Zone is small

57
Q

Reason for colonies in the zone of inhibition?

A

Mixed culture
Resistant mutants within the zone

58
Q

What to do if there is mixed culture?

A

Isolate, identify and retest pure culture

59
Q

What to do if there is resistant mutants within the zone?

A

Gram stain

Repeat test

60
Q

Reason for zones that are overlap?

A

Disk too close

(No more than 12 disk (Big Plate) or 4-6 disk (Small plate), not <15mm)

61
Q

Reason for zone indisticnt with single colonies noted on the plate

A

Not proper streaking

Inadequate inoculum

62
Q

Should Mycobacterium use disk method?

A

FALSE

63
Q

What is the method used for Mycobacterium?

A

Dilution and broth method

64
Q

What is the media used for Mycobactrium in AST?

A

Middle brook 7H10

65
Q

Employs boring holes on the agar while streaking of inoculum on agar is one in an overlapping manner?

A

Agar cup diffusion method

66
Q

Antibiotics in Agar cup diffusion method are in what form?

A

Liquid

67
Q

Makes us of a metal or plastic cylinder

A

Agar cylinder diffusion method

68
Q

Can used to detect Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)
Plastic strips is impregnated

A

Epsilometer test

69
Q

How to read Epsilometer?

A

Intercets on the strip on Zone inhibition

70
Q

What is being diluted in AST?

A

Antibiotic

NOT bacteria

Bacte Lab (Finals (13 decks)

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