Principles And Concepts Of The Areas

Question 1

Principle of the social area

Answer 1

Behaviour is influenced by other people and social situations

Question 2

Concepts of the social area (6)

Answer 2

• diffusion of responsibility
• bystander effect
• arousal
• cost-reward model
• cultural differences in helping (simpatia)
• effects of community variables on helping

Question 3

Principles of the biological area

Answer 3

Behaviour is influenced by our biological systems like our brain, nervous system and genetics. Our biology can also be influenced by our behaviour

Question 4

Concepts of the biological area (4)

Answer 4

• brain plasticity
• specialised functions of regions of the brain
• lateralisation of function
• delay of gratification

Question 5

Principles of the cognitive area (2)

Answer 5

• investigates the way that internal mental processes (perception, attention, language, memory etc..) can influence our behaviour
• suggests that the mind works like a computer processor, inputting, storing, and retrieving information

Question 6

Concepts of the cognitive area (7)

Answer 6

• auditory attention
• attentional barrier
• cocktail party effect
• inattentional blindness
• visual attention
• reconstructive memory
• context-dependent memory

Question 7

Principles of the developmental area

Answer 7

Behaviour develops over time and throughout our life. Upbringing and childhood can affect later adult behaviour

Question 8

Concepts of the developmental area (7)

Answer 8

• social learning
• learned aggression
• moral development
• universal stages of development
• operant conditioning
• positive and negative reinforcement
• cultural differences in development

Question 9

Principles of the individual differences area

Answer 9

We should focus on reasons why behaviours between individuals are different rather than looking at how the behaviour of everyone is similar

Question 10

Concepts of the individual differences area

Answer 10

• understanding disorders (e.g. phobias, autism, psychopathy)
• measuring differences
• theory of mind

Question 11

Principles of the behaviourist area

Answer 11

We are born tabula rasa everything we learn comes from the environment

Question 12

Principles of the behaviourist area

Answer 12

• classical conditioning
• operant conditioning
• social learning theory

Question 13

Principles of the psychodynamic area

Answer 13

Behaviour is influenced by the drives of our unconscious mind

Question 14

Concepts of the psychodynamic area

Answer 14

• personality (Id, Ego and Superego), Ego defence mechanisms, psychoanalysis

Question 15

Studies within the social area

Answer 15

Responses to people in authority: Milgram, Bocchiaro et al
Responses to people in need: Piliavin et al, Levine et al

Question 16

Studies within the cognitive area

Answer 16

Memory: Loftus and palmer, Grant et al
Attention: Moray, Simons and Chabris

Question 17

Studies within the developmental area

Answer 17

External influences on children’s behaviour: Bandura et al, Chaney et al
Moral development: Kohlberg, Lee et al

Question 18

Studies within the biological area

Answer 18

Regions of the brain: Sperry, Casey et al
Brain plasticity: Blakemore and cooper, Maguire et al

Question 19

Studies within the individual differences area

Answer 19

Understanding disorders: Freud, Baron-cohen et al
Measuring differences: Gould, Hancock et al