Bandura (1961) Flashcards
what did people previously believe about the effects of children seeing adult behaviour
that they wouldnt immediately imitate the adult, they would have to see something multiple times to copy the actions
describe the general aim of banduras study
he wanted to see if given the opportunity would children imitate aggressive bahaviours in different environments and if the original person who displayed this behaviour wasnt present
describe hypothesis one
‘Subjects exposed to aggressive models would reproduce aggressive acts resembling their models’
describe hypothesis two
‘observation of non aggressive models would have a generalised inhibiting effect on the subjects subsequent behaviour’
describe hypothesis three
subjects would ‘imitate the behaviour of same-sex models to a greater degree than a model of the opposite sex’
describe hypothesis four
‘boys should be more pre-disposed than girls toward imitating aggression’
describe how hypothesis one and two were upheld
boys who saw the aggressive mofrl had a mean number of imitative physical acts of 25.8, boys who had observed the non-aggressive model had a mean number of aggressive physical acts of 1.5. this same pattern occurred with the girls
describe how hypothesis three was upheld/disproved
this hypothesis is correct for the boys but not the girls. if the boys observed the aggressive male model they had a higher mean number of physical aggressive acts of 25.8 rather than one of 12.4 after observing an aggressive female model. however, for verbal aggression with an aggressive female model the girls had a mean number of imitative verbal aggressive acts of 13.7 but only a mean of 2.5 after observing the male model
describe how hypothesis four was upheld
the highest mean number of imitative physical aggressive acts for boys was 25.8 whereas for girls it was a lesser 13.7
describe the sample (5)
- 72 children
- enrolled at Stanford university nursery
- age range 37-69 months
- mean age 52 months
- equal number of boys and girls
what sampling technique was used
opportunity
how was the sampling opportunity
researchers used children who were present in the nursery on the day of testing
name the independent variables of the study
- model behaviour
- sex of model
- sex of child
name the model conditions
- aggressive male model
- aggressive female model
- non-aggressive male model
- non-aggressive female model
- no model (control)
name an advantage of the matched participant design
able to stop prior levels of aggression from influencing the results