Primary Teeth Flashcards
The first set of teeth is the
primary dentition
AKA deciduous dentition, deciduous teeth, baby teeth, milk teeth
Primary dentition
The primary dentition is shed (exfoliated) and replaced by the
permanent dentition
There are how many teeth in the primary dentition?
20
How many teeth are in the primary dentition per arch?
10 teeth per arch
The primary dentition includes what teeth?
Includes incisors, canines, and molars
• The Universal Numbering System for the primary dentition numbers these teeth from
A through T
Mineralization of the primary teeth begins
in utero at 13 to 16 weeks
all primary teeth have started to mineralize by
By 18 to 20 weeks prenatally
There are usually how many primary teeth erupted in the oral cavity at birth?
None
The first eruption of a primary tooth (primary mandibular central incisor) typically occurs between
6 and 10 months
Which is the first tooth typically to erupt in primary dentition?
Primary mandibular central incisors
Eruption is typically completed between ages
2 and 3
Actual eruption dates are not as important as
eruption sequence
There is Lots of variation in dates of eruption for the primary dentition. Sequence is more important. Sequence of eruption tends to be
uniform
____are present between primary teeth in most child patients
Interproximal spaces
Interproximal spaces in a child’s primary dentition are often referred to as
primate spaces
Primate spaces mainly occur where?
between primary maxillary laterals and canines, and also between primary mandibular canine and first molar
Primate spaces is necessary for
the proper alignment of the larger future permanent dentition
Primary molars are replaced by the
permanent premolars
Permanent molars erupt___ to the primary second molars
distal
Primary teeth size wise are___ overall than permanent teeth.
smaller
The crown of any primary tooth is short in relation to
its total length
The crowns of primary teeth are also more____ at the CEJ, making them appear bulbous in comparison to the thinner neck
constricted or narrower
Roots of primary teeth are also ______than the crown length
narrower and longer
Primary molar roots flare more as they approach the
apex.
The apical foramina of primary teeth may be
larger with the accessory canals often larger and more numerous.
Roots of primary teeth may also show____ as the teeth begin to be shed, which can be noted radiographically
partial resorption
The pulp cavity on primary teeth shows that both the pulp chambers and pulp horns are relatively____ in proportion to those of the permanent teeth, especially the mesial pulp horns of the molars
large
Overall, the dentin of the primary dentition is_____ than that of the permanent teeth
thicker
• The enamel of primary teeth is relatively___ in comparison to the permanent counterparts
thin
Primary teeth also have a____ tone of enamel on their crowns than the permanent teeth because of the increased opacity of the enamel, which covers the underlying yellow dentin
whiter
Primary teeth also have a whiter tone of enamel on their crowns than the permanent teeth because of the
increased opacity of the enamel, which covers the underlying yellow dentin
Many people discount the importance of the teeth of the primary dentition because they believe they are temporary and soon replaced. “Pull it out- it’s just a baby tooth!”
However, these teeth also serve the important function of
holding open the eruption arch space for the succedaneous permanent teeth, which will replace the primary teeth
When a primary tooth is lost prematurely, dentists will often discuss options to
maintain the space in the mouth so teeth around that space doesn’t close in
Supervision of homecare procedures for children must begin early, as soon as ______, to prevent premature loss of the primary teeth
the first primary teeth erupt into the oral cavit
Clinical Tip! A good indicator that a child is old enough to brush their own teeth is if
they are able to tie their own shoes! Those activities use the same muscles!
What is (ECC)?
Early Childhood Caries
ECC is caused by
prolonged nighttime use of a baby bottle with anything besides water can cause cavities in children
AKA baby bottle caries
ECC
A child’s first dental appointment should occur within
6 months of the eruption of the first primary tooth and no later than 12 months of age
A child’s first dental appointment should occur within 6 months of the eruption of the first primary tooth and no later than 12 months of age. The intent of this recommendation is to
provide information to the child’s supervising adults, which will help to establish positive preventive behaviors, prevent serious dental problems, and allay concerns
Early dental care is important not only for keeping the primary dentition healthy but also for
assessing the need for any appropriate interceptive orthodontic therapy
There are how many primary incisors?
8
There are how many incisor in each arch of primary dentition? What type?
• 4 incisors in each arch; 2 incisors in each quadrant
• Central incisor
• Lateral incisor
Primary Maxillary Central Incisors are letters____ in the Universal Numbering system
E and #F
From a labial view, the primary maxillary central incisors have what characteristics?
Mesial and distal outlines are more rounded than the permanent central incisor because of cervical constriction of this tooth
No mamelons
From a lingual view, the primary maxillary central incisors have what characteristic?
Cingulum and marginal ridges more pronounced in primary than permanent versions of this tooth, with a deeper lingual fossa
When looking at the roots of primary maxillary central incisors, what do the roots look like?
The single root is generally round in shape and tapers evenly to the apex, but it is longer, relative to crown length, than the permanent central incisor
Primary Maxillary Lateral Incisors are letters
D and #G in the Universal Numbering system
From the labial view, The crown of primary maxillary lateral incisors is similar to the central incisor but
is much smaller than the central in all dimensions and is also longer IC than MD.
The incisal angles are also more rounded than the central
The root of a primary maxillary lateral incisor is also similar to that of the central, but
the lateral’s root is longer in proportion to its crown compared with the same proportions of the central, and its apex is sharper
Primary Mandibular Central Incisors are letters____ in the Universal Numbering system
O and #P
From the labial view, what are the characteristics of the primary mandibular central incisors?
The crown looks more like the primary mandibular lateral incisor than its permanent successor
Very symmetrical tooth
From the lingual view, what are the characteristics of a primary mandibular central incisors?
• The lingual surface appears smooth and tapers toward the prominent cingulum
• The marginal ridges are less pronounced than those of the primary maxillary incisor; the lingual fossa is also shallow
When looking at the root of primary mandibular central incisors what are the characteristics?
The root is single, long, and slender.
The labial and lingual surfaces of the root are rounded, but the proximal surfaces are slightly flattened
Primary Mandibular Lateral Incisorsare letters_____ in the Universal Numbering system
N and #Q
The crown of primary mandibular lateral incisors is similar in form to the central incisor of the same arch, but the crown is
wider and longer than that of the central
From the labial view, what are the characteristics of the primary mandibular lateral incisors?
The incisal ridge slopes distally, and its distoincisal angle is more rounded, as is the distal margin
From the incisal aspect, the crown is not as symmetrical as is the central, because the cingulum is offset toward the distal, like its permanent version
From incisal and lingual view of the primary mandibular lateral incisors, what are the characteristics?
From the incisal aspect, the crown is not as symmetrical as is the central, because the cingulum is offset toward the distal, like its permanent version
When looking at the root of a primary mandibular lateral incisor, what are the characteristics of the root?
The root may have a distal curvature in its apical third, and it usually has a distal longitudinal groove
The root is single, long, and slender.
The labial and lingual surfaces of the root are rounded, but the proximal surfaces are slightly flattened
There are how many primary canines in primary dentition? Where?
4 primary canines
• 2 canines in each arch; 1 canine in each quadrant
primary canines mainly resemble the outline of their permanent successors, with some exceptions, such as a more prominent _____present on both labial and lingual surfaces
cervical ridge
• Primary Maxillary Canines are letters ______in the Universal Numbering system
C and #H
Primary maxillary canine crowns have a relatively ______cusp than that of its permanent successor when first erupted
longer and sharper
The primary maxillary canines mesial and distal outlines are
round and greatly overhang the cervical line
On the lingual surface of the primary maxillary canines,____ are all well developed
the cingulum, lingual ridge, and marginal ridges
The lingual ridge of the primary maxillary canines extends from
the cingulum to the cusp tip and divides the lingual surface into a shallow ML fossa and
DL fossa
The root of primary maxillary canines is____ as the crown and more____ than the permanent maxillary canine, and it is inclined____
twice as long; slender; distally
The primary mandibular canines are letters____ in the Universal Numbering system
M and #R
The crown of the primary mandibular canines resembles that of the primary maxillary canine, although some dimensions are different like ……
• The lingual surface is smoother than the primary maxillary canine and is marked by a shallow lingual fossa
• The root is long, narrow, and almost twice the length of the crown, although shorter and more tapered than that of a primary maxillary canine
Crown of the primary mandibular canines are smaller___ than the permanent version of this tooth
labiolingually
How primary molars are in the primary dentition? Where? And what type?
4 molars in each arch; 2 molars in each quadrant (one of each type):
• First molar
• Second molar
Primary molars are replaced by the _____after exfoliation
permanent premolars
• Primary molar crowns are shorter____ than____
occlusocervically; mesiodistally
Primary molar crowns have______ present on the cervical third of its buccal surfaces
a prominent cervical ridge
Primary molars have a____ occlusal surface compared to permanent molars
constricted
• The roots of primary molars are____ beyond the crown outlines, widely separating the roots
flared
Why are primary molar roots flared?
This creates additional space between the roots for the developing permanent premolar crowns
Primary Maxillary First Molars are letter ____in the Universal Numbering system
B and I
The crown of primary maxillary first molars___ resemble any other crown of either dentition
Does not
From the buccal aspect, the mesial and distal outlines of primary maxillary first molars are______ at the CEJ
rounded and constricted
The primary maxillary first molar has how many cusps. What are the names of the cusps?
4 cusps: MB, ML, DB, and DL
• It can also have only three cusps because the DL cusp may be absent
Which cusps of the primary maxillary first molar first molars are the largest?
the two mesial cusps being the largest and the two distal cusps being quite small
On the occlusal surface, primary maxillary molars have what characteristics?
Prominent transverse ridge present
Small oblique ridge extends between ML and DB cusps
H-shaped groove pattern and three fossae: central, mesial, and distal
The central groove connects the central pit with the mesial pit and distal pit, at each end of the occlusal table
The three roots of the primary maxillary first molars ( MB, DB, palatal) are _____than on the permanent molar
thinner and have greater flare
Which root is the longest for the primary maxillary first molar?
• Palatal root is the longest and most divergent
The primary maxillary second molars are letter ____ in the Universal
Numbering system
A and J
The primary maxillary second molar tooth is___ than the primary maxillary first molar
larger
The primary maxillary second molar tooth most closely resembles the_____, except smaller
permanent maxillary first molar
It usually has a cusp of Carabelli, the minor fifth cusp, like the permanent maxillary first molar
Primary maxillary second molar
• Primary Mandibular First Molars are letters___ in the Universal Numbering system
L and s
Primary mandibular first molar tooth has a crown___ any other tooth of either dentition
unlike
does the primary mandibular first molar have a prominent buccal cervical ridge?
Yes
• The primary mandibular first molar has___ cusps, with the____ cusp being largest
four; mesial
The ML cusp of primary mandibular first molars is ______in on the occlusal
long, pointed, and angled
On the occlusal surface of primary mandibular first molars a_____ ridge passes between the MB and ML cusps
transverse
The primary mandibular first molars have___ roots, positioned similarly to other primary and permanent mandibular molars
Two
Primary mandibular second molars are letters___in the Universal Numbering system
K and #T
The primary mandibular second molar is___ than the primary mandibular first molar
larger
The tooth most closely resembles the permanent mandibular first molar that erupts distal to it
Primary mandibular second molars
Primary mandibular second molars have how many cusps? Size?
5 cusps (like permanent mandibular first molars)
The three buccal cusps are nearly equal in sIze
The primary mandibular second molar has an overall___ occlusal shape.
oval
