Primary Care/Hopkins Flashcards
HIV- when should viral load be undetecable
3 months
Immunity following zoster infection
lasts for around 3 years
AOM w/ ruptured TM
topical + oral antibiotics for adult patients
AOM complications
mastoiditis
meningitis
labrynthitis
abscesses (brain, epidural, subdural)
How to start insulin for T2DM
10 units glargine at night or .2-.3units/kg
How to adjust basal insulin for T2DM
q3d, 2 units for 130-180, 4 units for 180+
Exenatide
GLP1 receptor agonist
GLP1 agonists
Mimic incretins
Injections
Increased risk of pancreatitis, MTC
SGLT2 inhibitors
- UTI, yeast infections
- Avoid in CKD, risk of fractures, DKA
Canaglifozin
SGLT2 inhibitors
Microcytic Anemia - differential
F: Fe L: Lead poisoning A: ACD T: thal S: sideroblastic
Ferritin and IDA
Ferritin is LOW
high with inflammation
Rotterdham Criteria
PCOS 2/3 of 1) anovulatory cycles 2) signs/labs consistent with hyperandrogenism 3) polycystic ovaries
Eye changes in DM
T2DM- macular edema
T1DM- proliferative
Lung Disease in Crohn’s
necrobiotic nodules
Most common eye disease in HIV
CMV retinitis, CD4 less than 100
Most common cause of viral conjunctivitis
adenovirus
Most common causes of bacterial conjunctivitis
H flu
S pneumo
Adenoma Size requiring more frequent colonoscopy
greater than 10mm (q3y)
Drug most commonly associated with drug induced liver injury
Augmentin!
typically cholestatic
Acute Gout Treatment
Steroids or NSAIDS»_space; colchicine
Allopurinol AE
severe cutaneous rxn
Secondary Causes of HTN: A
Apnea (OSA)
Alcohol
Secondary Causes of HTN: B
Bad Kidneys: RAS, CRF, PCKD
Secondary Causes of HTN: C
Coractation of Aorta
Secondary Causes of HTN: D
Drugs, Diet
Secondary Causes of HTN: E
Endocrine: hyperaldosterone, hyperthyroidism, acromegaly, cushings disease, pheochromcytoma
HLD screening
males 35, females 45
earlier if risk factors (DM, family history of CVD, smoking, HTN)
Family history of CVD- ages
males: 50
females: 60
Lipid Screening for children
ages 9-11 and 17-21
Indications for Statins
1) LDL > 190
2) Clinical CVD
3) ASCVD >7.5%
4) DM age 40-75
TZD
insulin sensitization
Avoid in CHF/risk of fluid retention
Pioglitazone
Insulin secreatogogues
sulfonylureas and glitinides