Previous deck continued Flashcards
True or False: You don’t need a gallbladder but you do still need bile
True
After kidney
ureter- goes to bladder. No absorption of urine, bc made in kidney.
Nephron
unit in the kidney
True or False: female bladder is ventral
True
Male hormone
testosterone
Uterine horn is smaller for large animals, true or false
true- b/c they will only have one or two offspring
lymph
milk colored fluid that is material that will leak from the cells and contain immune system cells, protein, and injured cells, bacteria, and even tumor cells. Lymph goes to lymph nodes
lymph nodes
filter the lymph, and returns it to blood circulation
True or False: you can physically feel where major lymph nodes are on an animal
True. Can palpate and aspirate to look for anything harmful
Thymus
important in a young animal. will regress and become smaller when an adult but remains and can develop a tumor.
Differentiate between malign and benign tumor
malign- cancer
benign- can still be harmful depending on its location (how large it gets where it is and how it impacts functions in the body because of its size)
Spleen
located on the greater curvature of the stomach. Attached by “attached hole” in the spleen. Filters blood. Not necessary for survival.
If an animal experience torsion of the stomach, what will happen to the spleen
the connections will rupture and cause internal bleeding.
True or false: spleens can have masses several times larger than the spleen itself
True. Makes it more difficult to tell if it is malignant or benign due to large size
hypophysis (pituitary gland)
the area can commonly have a benign tumor, but will cause cushings disease/cause adrenal gland to function more
thyroid
controls metabolism.
hyper-thyroidism
Will usually need surgery to remove tumor or given ionized therapy
hypo-thyroidism
tend to be obese, lack of exercise, thyroid is slower.
parathyroid
4 on each thyroid gland. Controls calcium.
Pancreas
located on the greater curvature of the stomach and follows the first part of the duodenum. 2 functions:
1. Endocrine- secretes inside body (controlling blood glucotes/insulin)
2. Exocrine- secretes outside body (fat and bile. helps with digesting fat- produces digesting enzyme)
Common tumor type of the pancreas
insulinoma- endocrine part of the pancreas. Tumor secretes insulin. These affected animals have a too low level of glucose in the blood. More glucose in cells = less glucose in blood. (insulin causes glucose to go inside the cell) Tumor cells don’t respond to body’s feedback that it has received enough glucose and to stop producing insulin.
Adrenal glands
fight or flight
produce adrenaline
control a lot of minerals (sodium, potassium, chloride, etc.)
Addison’s disease
inability to control mineral regulation due to something wrong with the adrenal gland
Cushing’s disease
adrenal gland overworks
