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Vet Class > Physical Exams > Flashcards

Physical Exams Flashcards

1
Q

Holding a horse’s tongue will help you control the entire animal: T or F

A

True

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2
Q

What instrument is used to conduct an ear exam

A

Otoscope. Try to use the biggest cone that can enter the ear canal without hurting the animal.

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3
Q

Describe otoscopy

A

Allows you to magnify the inside of the ear on a screen

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4
Q

What causes cauliflower ear

A

Repetitive ear infections

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5
Q

A polyp develops in two places:

A

Ear or mouth. Can reoccur

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6
Q

How long does it take for an ear mite to go through its life cycle

A

2 weeks. Live for 2 months.

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7
Q

What instrument is used to conduct an eye exam

A

Ophtalmoscope

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8
Q

Moving the lens of an ophthalmoscope in a positive direction does what

A

Positive- more towards the surface

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9
Q

Proptosis

A

Eye comes out of socket. Keep lubricated. Use sterile gauze and flush, keep hydrated

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10
Q

Describe the menace test and its purpose

A

Tests vision

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11
Q

Areas you listen to with stethoscope

A

Pan left side (
T right side

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12
Q

Describe a heart murmur

A

Abnormal valve

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13
Q

Describe two arythmias of the heart

A

Caused by abnormal electricity
- Extra beat
- abnormal beat

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14
Q

Describe diff between heart lub and dub

A

Lub- valve between atrium and valve to ventricle close
Dub- valve between ventricle and aorta close

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15
Q

T or f: you can have a heartbeat without a pulse

A

True

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16
Q

What does an EKG (electrocardiogram) measure

A

Measures the electrical activity of the heart ❤️
Waves: P, Q, R, S, T
Picks up nodes sending signals to contact in the heart. Ex: sinoatrial node

17
Q

What is a hoof tester

A

Tool used to put pressure all around the hoof to isolate any issues or absesses

18
Q

What do patient records include

A

All physical exams
All lab work
All copies of any reports by outside people (ex. radiology report)

19
Q

What is the SOAP acronym you should remember when performing a physical exam

A

Subjective
Objective
Assessment
Plan

20
Q

Give an example of how to be subjective during a physical examination

A

Ex: feels better, place more weight on his/her limb, more
depress, appears to urinate more

21
Q

Give an example of how to be objective during a physical examination

A

Ex: temperature, pulse, heart rate, respiratory rate, urinated 80ml over 4 hours

22
Q

Give an example of how to make an assessment during a physical examination

A

Ex: problem list with possible diagnoses

23
Q

Give an example of how to implement a plan during a physical examination

A

Ex: chest radiographs, CBC and Chem, abdominal ultrasound, head MRI, prescription, discharge instructions

24
Q

List the 4 types of laboratory tests

A
  1. Blood tests
  2. Fecal
  3. Culture and Sensitivity
  4. Cytology
25
Q

List the 4 types of imaging

A
  1. Radiographs
  2. Ultrasound
  3. MRI and CT-Scan
  4. Videoscopy
26
Q

Pros of Radiographs

A

Fast
Inexpensive
ideal for bone
Good for Chest
Portable

27
Q

Describe the pros and cons of ultrasound

A

Soft tissue
More expensive
Structure not function
Portable
Ultrasound guided-cytology/biopsy

28
Q

Describe the pros and cons of the CT Scan (Computerized Tomography)

A

More expensive
Fast
Usually require general anesthesia
Require a special dedicated room

29
Q

What can the CT-scan “scan” in the body

A

soft tissues
pelvis, bones
blood vessels
lungs
brain
abdomen

30
Q

Describe the pros and cons of the MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

A

Very expensive
Big machine with dedicated special room
Usually need general anesthesia
Can be portable
Needs knowledge of the software (i.e. dedicated technician)’
Long study
Best for soft tissues
Best for the brain and spinal cord
Good for inside of bone

31
Q

Describe the pros and cons of a videoscopy examination

A

Very good details but narrow field
Expensive
Require general anesthesia
May require surgical setting
May be dangerous

32
Q

Why should you culture a wound

A

Culturing helps you to know exactly what you are treating. Helps to match the best antibiotic for the bacteria/find what is most effective

33
Q

What is the purpose of fine needle aspiration/ coloration by diff quik

A

Helps discover type of mass without going in surgery

34
Q

Define abdominalcentesis

A

4 quadrants of the abdomen are palpated for fluid pockets and small gauge needle withdraws fluid

35
Q

What protection do you need when doing xrays

A

Goggles
Thyroid shield
Gloves
Apron
Dosimeter

36
Q

Define dosimeter

A

keeps track of how much radiation is going into your body

37
Q

Define pneumothorax

A

air between chest and lungs that is abnormal/ not supposed to be there

38
Q

What is the one fixative and the two colorates that make up diff quik

A
  1. Methanol- fixes cell to slide
  2. Eosin- colors protein
  3. Methylrne blue- colors nucleus
39
Q

What percent of red blood cells carry oxygen

A

45%

Vet Class (22 decks)

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