Neuro Cardiorespiratory Lecture Flashcards
What is a neuron
Functional units of the neuro system
Define dendrite
Short, receive stimuli or impulses
Define the cell body
Contains the nucleus
Define axon
Conduct impulses (efferent)
What are synaptic knobs
Neurotransmitter
Differentiate between white and gray matter
White matter: Contains mainly myelinated nerve fibers.
Gray matter: Contains most of the neuron cell bodies.
Define synaptic transmission
From neuron to neuron
or neuron to target
(Neurotransmitter to recepter)
Differentiate between afferent nerve fibers and efferent nerve fibers
Afferent- sensory nerve
Efferent- motor nerve
Differentiate between the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system
Somatic- voluntary
Autonomic- involuntary
Differentiate between the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic system
Sympathetic- fight or flight (response to shock or blood loss)
Parasympathetic- rest and restore
Olfactory nerve
1- smell
Optic nerve
2- vision
Oculomotor nerve
3- eye movement, pupil size, focusing lens
Trochlear nerve
4- eye movement
Trigeminal nerve
5- sensation from head and teeth; mastication
Abducent nerve
6- eye movement
Facial nerve
7- face and scalp movement, salivation, tears, taste
Vestibulocochlear nerve
8- balance, hearing
Glossopharyngeal nerve
9- tongue movement, swallowing, salivation
Vagus nerve
10- Sensory and motor for abdominal and thoracic organs
Accessory nerve
11- Head and neck movement, accessory motor with vagus
Hypoglossal nerve
12- tongue movement
What is the function of the dorsal horn
carries sensory impulses to the brain
What is the function of the ventral horn
carries motor impulses out to the body
Order of blood through the heart
Vena Cava, Right Atrium, Tricuspid Valve, Right Ventricle, Pulmonary Valve, Pulmonary Artery, Pulmonary Capillaries, Pulmonary Vein, Left Atrium, Mitral Valve, Left Ventricle, Aortic Valve, Aorta, Systemic Capillaries, Systemic Veins
Name the 1st cardiovascular vein
Caudal vena cava
Name the 2nd cardiovascular vein
Cranial vena cava
Name the 3rd cardiovascular vein
Azygos vein
Name the 6th cardiovascular vein
External jugular vein
Name the 12th cardiovascular vein
Axillary vein
Name the 13th cardiovascular vein
Cephalic vein
Name the 34th cardiovascular vein
Femoral vein
Name the 37th cardiovascular vein
Lateral saphenous vein
Name the 38th cardiovascular vein
Portal vein
Name 4 parts of the mouth that contribute to the respiratory system
soft palate
epiglottis
arytenoid
vocal cord
Describe how birds breathe
There is an extensive system of nine interconnecting air sacs that connect to the lungs. Air flows to the posterior air sacs, to the lung, then to the anterior air sacs and out.
If the site of an injury affects C1-C5, how will that affect the thoracic and pelvic limbs
Thoracic limb deficit: UMN
Pelvic limb deficit: UMN
If the site of an injury affects C6-T2, how will that affect the thoracic and pelvic limbs
Thoracic limb deficit: LMN
Pelvic limb deficit: UMN
If the site of an injury affects T3-L3, how will that affect the thoracic and pelvic limbs
Thoracic limb deficit: Normal
Pelvic limb deficit: UMN
If the site of an injury affects L4-S3, how will that affect the thoracic and pelvic limbs
Thoracic limb deficit: Normal
Pelvic limb deficit: LMN
UMN
upper motor neuron
LMN
lower motor neuron
The femoral nerve includes
L4, L5, and L6
the obturator nerve includes
L4, L5, and L6
the sciatic nerve includes
L6, L7, S1, +/-S2
