Preoperative Medications

Question 1

What does NPO mean?

Answer 1

Nothing by mouth

Question 2

What are given to relieve anxiety, which is common in surgical patients?

Answer 2

Sedatives

Question 3

These drugs produce a mild drowsiness, and they may have amnestic (pertaining to amnesia) and antiemetic effects, What is this?

Answer 3

Sedatives

Question 4

What are the most common sedatives used preoperatively?

Answer 4

Benzodiazepines

Question 5

Diazepam (Valium) is what family of drugs?

Answer 5

Benzodiazepine

Question 6

Lorazepam (Ativan) is what family of drugs?

Answer 6

Benzodiazepine

Question 7

Midazolam (Versed) is what family of drugs?

Answer 7

Benzodiazepine

Question 8

When indicated for analgesia, what may be administered preoperatively?

Answer 8

opioids

Question 9

People with this don’t remember events that led up to a particular event? (such as the time immediately before a motor vehicle accident)

Answer 9

Retrograde amnesia

Question 10

Patients with this type of amnesia don’t remember events that occur from a point forward-forward in time?

Answer 10

Anterograde amnesia

Question 11

Morphine (Astramorph, Duramorph) are?

Answer 11

Natural opioid

Question 12

Meperidine (Demerol) and Fentanyl (Sublimaze) are the common what?

Answer 12

synthetic opioids

Question 13

What are agents that block the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, inhibiting the transmission of parasympathetic nerve impulses?

Answer 13

Anticholinergics

Question 14

What are the anticholinergics most frequently used?

Answer 14

atropine, glycopyrrolate (Robinul), and scopolamine

Question 15

What are used to chemically neutralize gastric acid already present in the stomach?

Answer 15

Antacids

Question 16

Sodium citrate (Bicitra) is?

Answer 16

Antacids

Question 17

What are agents administered preoperatively to reduce nausea and minimize the possibility of postoperative nausea and vomiting in at risk patients?

Answer 17

Antiemetics

Question 18

Who is more likely to experience PONV?

Answer 18

females

Question 19

What is the trade name for Diazepam?

Answer 19

Valium

Question 20

What is the trade name for Midazolam?

Answer 20

Versed

Question 21

What is the trade name for Glycopyrrolate?

Answer 21

Robinul

Question 22

Classification is a patient with severe systemic disease

Answer 22

P3

Question 23

classification is Added to the classification to indicate an emergency procedure. (An emergency is defined as existing when delay in treatment of the patient would lead to a significant increase in the threat to life or body part)

Answer 23

E

Question 24

pain relief; literally “without pain preoperatively

Answer 24

Analgesia

Question 25

Both _______ and ______ cross the blood-brain barrier, so they can also cause sedation and amnesia

Answer 25

atropine and scopolamine

Question 26

Risk of aspiration is highest at ______ and ______

Answer 26

intubation and extubation

Question 27

Gastric acid normally has an acidity, or pH, of ____ to ____ .

Answer 27

2 to 3.

Question 28

The most common H2 blockers given preoperatively are ________ and _______

Answer 28

famotidine (Pepcid) and ranitidine (Zantac).

Question 29

Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) medications are _________, _________, ________, __________, and _______.

Answer 29

omeprazole (Prilosec),
lansoprazole (Prevacid),
esomeprazole (Nexium),
pantoprazole (Protonix),
rabeprazole (AcipHex).

Question 30

The patient will remain conscious but may not remember events that occur once the ________ is administered.

Answer 30

sedative