Ophthalmic Agents

Question 1

The anterior and posterior cavities of the eye are separated by the

Answer 1

lens

Question 2

Which of the following is mixed with injectable local anesthetic agents to increase its rate of diffusion through the tissues?

Answer 2

Wydase

Question 3

What drug dissolve the suspensory ligaments during an intracapsular cataract extraction?

Answer 3

Alpha-chymotrypsin

Question 4

Thick, gelatinous substances that are injected into the eye to keep the chamber expanded or to replace vitreous humor are

Answer 4

Viscoelastic agents

Question 5

Drugs that constrict the pupil by stimulating the iris muscle are called

Answer 5

Miotics

Question 6

What medications should be reconstituted immediately before use?

Answer 6

Miochol

Question 7

Which group of ophthalmic drugs dilates the pupil?

Answer 7

Mydriatics

Question 8

What is the effect of Cyclopegics drugs?

Answer 8

Mydrias

Question 9

Increased intraocular pressure is a characteristic of

Answer 9

Glaucoma

Question 10

Phenylephrine is the generic name for

Answer 10

Neo-Synephrine

Question 11

An ophthalmic ointment that is made of tobrmycin and dexamethasone is marketed under what trade name?

Answer 11

TobraDex

Question 12

What is the generic name for Osmitrol?

Answer 12

Mannitol

Question 13

Acetylcholine (Miochol), Pilocarpine (Pilocar), Carbachol (Miostat) are examples of what agent?

Answer 13

Miotics

Question 14

What does the lacrimal system do?

Answer 14

Produces, distributes, and removes tears.

Question 15

What is the fibrous outer coat of the eye composed of?

Answer 15

Sclera

Question 16

What is known as the “window” of the eye

Answer 16

Cornea

Question 17

What is the area called where the cornea and Sclera meet called?

Answer 17

Limbus

Question 18

What is the vascular layer of the eye called?

Answer 18

Choroid

Question 19

What does the ciliary body do?

Answer 19

secretes aqueous humor from ciliary processes

Question 20

What is the nervous layer of the eye called?

Answer 20

Retina

Question 21

What is the entire anterior cavity filled with?

Answer 21

aqueous humor

Question 22

What is the posterior cavity filled with?

Answer 22

Vitreous humor

Question 23

What is between Cornea and Lens?

Answer 23

Iris

Question 24

What is the most frequently reported side effect of hyaluronidase? (enzymes)

Answer 24

Edema

Question 25

What is the most common ophthalmic irrigating solution used?

Answer 25

Balanced salt solution (BSS)

Question 26

Lanolin Alcohol (Lacri-Lube) or Polyvinyl alcohol (Liquifilm), Duratears are what types of agents used in general anesthesia, to avoid corneal drying or damaging?

Answer 26

Lubricants

Question 27

What is the enzyme agent rarely used in practice now?

Answer 27

Alpha-Chymar

Question 28

Why should you never use a Gauze sponge to wipe the eye?

Answer 28

Scratch the cornea

Question 29

Healon, Healon 5, Amvisc-plus, Vitrax, Provisc, Occucoat, Viscoat are what agents?

Answer 29

Viscoelastic

Question 30

How does Acetylcholine (miochol) work? (Miotics agent)

Answer 30

Decreases intraocular pressure

Question 31

What is used to dilate the pupil by paralyzing the sphincter muscle?

Answer 31

Mydriatics

Question 32

What is used to dilate the pupil and also paralyze the accommodation mechanism?

Answer 32

Cycloplegics

Question 33

Cyclopentolate (Cyclogyl) and Tropicamide (Mydriacyl) are agents of what category?

Answer 33

Cycloplegic

Question 34

Tachychardia, photophobia, dry mouth, edema, conjunctivitis, and dermatitis are all side effects of what category?

Answer 34

Cycloplegic and mydriatic

Question 35

Gentamycin (Garamycin), Neosporin, Vigamox, Zymar, and Ciloxan are all agents of what category?

Answer 35

Ophthalmic antibiotic

Question 36

Acetazolamide (Diamox), Brinzolamide (Azopt), and Dorzolamide (Trusopt) are what agents of antiglaucoma?

Answer 36

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

Question 37

tetracaine (Pontocaine), Procaracaine (Alcaine, Ophthaine) are medications for whatr category ?

Answer 37

Anesthetic (-aine=anestheic)

Question 38

What type of glaucoma is it when the trabecular meshwork cannot ddrain aqueous fluid effectively?

Answer 38

Open-angle glaucoma (most common form)

Question 39

Mannitol (osmitrol), Glycerine (Glyrol), Isorbide (Isordil) are what class of Antiglaucoma agents?

Answer 39

Diuretics

Question 40

Diagnose abnormalities of the cornea and conjunctival epithelium or to locate foreign bodies.

Answer 40

Ophthalmic dyes

Question 41

Fluorescein sodium, Rose Bengal, and lissamine green are examples of what?

Answer 41

Dyes

Question 42

What identifies denuded areas of epithelium or foreign bodies, and also diagnoses corneal abrasions by staining damaged or diseased corneal tissue bright green?

Answer 42

Fluorescien

Question 43

Steroids and NSAIDS (nonsteroidal) are two subcategories of what?

Answer 43

Anti-inflammatory

Question 44

What are used in ophthalmology to decrease ocular inflammatory response to trauma, decrease corneal inflammation, and protect the eye from scarring?

Answer 44

Steroids (hormones)

Question 45

Betamethasone (Celestone), Dexamethasone (Maxidex, Decadron), and Prednisolone (Inflamase, PredForte) are all agents of what anti inflammatory?

Answer 45

Steroids

Question 46

Acular, Voltaren, Nevanac, and Xibrom are exampels of what anti-inflammatory agents?

Answer 46

nonsteroidal (NSAIDs)

Question 47

What are also used to prevent postoperative inflammation following cataract surgery, and possible to inhibit intaoperative miosis?

Answer 47

nonsteroidal

Question 48

what is a diagnostic dye used for ophthalmic angiography?

Answer 48

Indocyanine green

Question 49

Miostat / keeps intraocular lens in place

Answer 49

Carbachol

Question 50

Atropisol / can be a solution, ointment, or topical. may be used to dilate the pupil for a few weeks after surgery if needed. It's onset is 30 mins. while it's peak effect is seen in 30-40 mins. & it's duration is 7-10 days.

Answer 50

Atropine

Question 51

Pontocaine / Corneal anesthesia of short duration. used to numb the eye. comes in a sterile dropper in a pill pack. used topically

Answer 51

Tetracaine

Question 52

lidocaine injection made near the optic nerve

Answer 52

retrobulbar block