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SFA 203 > Ophthalmic Agents > Flashcards

Ophthalmic Agents Flashcards

1
Q

The anterior and posterior cavities of the eye are separated by the

A

lens

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2
Q

Which of the following is mixed with injectable local anesthetic agents to increase its rate of diffusion through the tissues?

A

Wydase

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3
Q

What drug dissolve the suspensory ligaments during an intracapsular cataract extraction?

A

Alpha-chymotrypsin

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4
Q

Thick, gelatinous substances that are injected into the eye to keep the chamber expanded or to replace vitreous humor are

A

Viscoelastic agents

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5
Q

Drugs that constrict the pupil by stimulating the iris muscle are called

A

Miotics

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6
Q

What medications should be reconstituted immediately before use?

A

Miochol

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7
Q

Which group of ophthalmic drugs dilates the pupil?

A

Mydriatics

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8
Q

What is the effect of Cyclopegics drugs?

A

Mydrias

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9
Q

Increased intraocular pressure is a characteristic of

A

Glaucoma

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10
Q

Phenylephrine is the generic name for

A

Neo-Synephrine

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11
Q

An ophthalmic ointment that is made of tobrmycin and dexamethasone is marketed under what trade name?

A

TobraDex

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12
Q

What is the generic name for Osmitrol?

A

Mannitol

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13
Q

Acetylcholine (Miochol), Pilocarpine (Pilocar), Carbachol (Miostat) are examples of what agent?

A

Miotics

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14
Q

What does the lacrimal system do?

A

Produces, distributes, and removes tears.

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15
Q

What is the fibrous outer coat of the eye composed of?

A

Sclera

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16
Q

What is known as the “window” of the eye

A

Cornea

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17
Q

What is the area called where the cornea and Sclera meet called?

A

Limbus

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18
Q

What is the vascular layer of the eye called?

A

Choroid

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19
Q

What does the ciliary body do?

A

secretes aqueous humor from ciliary processes

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20
Q

What is the nervous layer of the eye called?

A

Retina

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21
Q

What is the entire anterior cavity filled with?

A

aqueous humor

22
Q

What is the posterior cavity filled with?

A

Vitreous humor

23
Q

What is between Cornea and Lens?

A

Iris

24
Q

What is the most frequently reported side effect of hyaluronidase? (enzymes)

A

Edema

25
Q

What is the most common ophthalmic irrigating solution used?

A

Balanced salt solution (BSS)

26
Q

Lanolin Alcohol (Lacri-Lube) or Polyvinyl alcohol (Liquifilm), Duratears are what types of agents used in general anesthesia, to avoid corneal drying or damaging?

A

Lubricants

27
Q

What is the enzyme agent rarely used in practice now?

A

Alpha-Chymar

28
Q

Why should you never use a Gauze sponge to wipe the eye?

A

Scratch the cornea

29
Q

Healon, Healon 5, Amvisc-plus, Vitrax, Provisc, Occucoat, Viscoat are what agents?

A

Viscoelastic

30
Q

How does Acetylcholine (miochol) work? (Miotics agent)

A

Decreases intraocular pressure

31
Q

What is used to dilate the pupil by paralyzing the sphincter muscle?

A

Mydriatics

32
Q

What is used to dilate the pupil and also paralyze the accommodation mechanism?

A

Cycloplegics

33
Q

Cyclopentolate (Cyclogyl) and Tropicamide (Mydriacyl) are agents of what category?

A

Cycloplegic

34
Q

Tachychardia, photophobia, dry mouth, edema, conjunctivitis, and dermatitis are all side effects of what category?

A

Cycloplegic and mydriatic

35
Q

Gentamycin (Garamycin), Neosporin, Vigamox, Zymar, and Ciloxan are all agents of what category?

A

Ophthalmic antibiotic

36
Q

Acetazolamide (Diamox), Brinzolamide (Azopt), and Dorzolamide (Trusopt) are what agents of antiglaucoma?

A

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

37
Q

tetracaine (Pontocaine), Procaracaine (Alcaine, Ophthaine) are medications for whatr category ?

A

Anesthetic (-aine=anestheic)

38
Q

What type of glaucoma is it when the trabecular meshwork cannot ddrain aqueous fluid effectively?

A

Open-angle glaucoma (most common form)

39
Q

Mannitol (osmitrol), Glycerine (Glyrol), Isorbide (Isordil) are what class of Antiglaucoma agents?

A

Diuretics

40
Q

Diagnose abnormalities of the cornea and conjunctival epithelium or to locate foreign bodies.

A

Ophthalmic dyes

41
Q

Fluorescein sodium, Rose Bengal, and lissamine green are examples of what?

A

Dyes

42
Q

What identifies denuded areas of epithelium or foreign bodies, and also diagnoses corneal abrasions by staining damaged or diseased corneal tissue bright green?

A

Fluorescien

43
Q

Steroids and NSAIDS (nonsteroidal) are two subcategories of what?

A

Anti-inflammatory

44
Q

What are used in ophthalmology to decrease ocular inflammatory response to trauma, decrease corneal inflammation, and protect the eye from scarring?

A

Steroids (hormones)

45
Q

Betamethasone (Celestone), Dexamethasone (Maxidex, Decadron), and Prednisolone (Inflamase, PredForte) are all agents of what anti inflammatory?

A

Steroids

46
Q

Acular, Voltaren, Nevanac, and Xibrom are exampels of what anti-inflammatory agents?

A

nonsteroidal (NSAIDs)

47
Q

What are also used to prevent postoperative inflammation following cataract surgery, and possible to inhibit intaoperative miosis?

A

nonsteroidal

48
Q

what is a diagnostic dye used for ophthalmic angiography?

A

Indocyanine green

49
Q

Miostat / keeps intraocular lens in place

A

Carbachol

50
Q

Atropisol / can be a solution, ointment, or topical. may be used to dilate the pupil for a few weeks after surgery if needed. It’s onset is 30 mins. while it’s peak effect is seen in 30-40 mins. & it’s duration is 7-10 days.

A

Atropine

51
Q

Pontocaine / Corneal anesthesia of short duration. used to numb the eye. comes in a sterile dropper in a pill pack. used topically

A

Tetracaine

52
Q

lidocaine injection made near the optic nerve

A

retrobulbar block

SFA 203 (15 decks)

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