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HISTOLOGY > PRELIM LEC 3: CONNECTIVE TISSUE > Flashcards

PRELIM LEC 3: CONNECTIVE TISSUE Flashcards

1
Q

Deletions of a copy of 25-27 genes of chromosome 7

A

WILLIAMS- BEUREN SYNDROME

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2
Q
  • common in all connective tissue
  • synthesize and secretes COLLAGEN & ELASTIN
  • involves in wound healing
  • targets GROWTH FACTOR
  • composed of GROUND SUBSTANCE ( GAGS, PROTEOGLYCAN, MULTIADHESIVE GLYCOPROTEIN)
A

FIBROBLASTS

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3
Q

Well developed contractile function and are enriched with a form of ACTIN also found in smooth muscle cells

A

MYOFIBROBLAST

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4
Q

Forms the exoskeleton

A

ECTODERM
- SKIN CELLS ON EPIDERMIS
- NEURONS ON BRAIN
- PIGMENT CELLS

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5
Q

Develop into organs

A

MESODERM
- CARDIAC MUSCLE CELLS
- SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS
- SKELETAL MUSCLE CELLS
- RED BLOOD CELLS
- TUBULE CELLS OF KIDNEYS

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6
Q

Forms the inner lining of organs

A

ENDODERM
- LUNG CELLS (ALVEOLAR CELLS)
- THYROID CELLS
- DIGESTIVE CELLS (PANCREATIC CELLS

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7
Q

CELLS OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE

A
  1. FIBROBLASTS
  2. ADIPOCYTES
  3. MACROPHAGE AND MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM
  4. MAST CELLS
  5. PLASMA CELLS
  6. LEUKOCYTES
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8
Q
  • specialized for cytoplasm storage of lipid
  • for production of heat
A

ADIPOCYTES

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9
Q

Large population of adipocyte

A

ADIPOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

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10
Q
  • highly developed phagocytic ability
  • specialized in removal of apoptotic cells, tissue debris or other particular materials.
  • present in connective tissue in most organs
  • and pathologists called it as HISTIOCYTES
A

MACROPHAGES

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11
Q

Form in the yolk sac during embryonic development

A

MONOCYTE

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12
Q

Group of related cells of macrophage

A

MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM

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13
Q
  • oval, irregular shape cells
  • 7-20 um
  • display METACHROMASIA
  • originates form the cell in the bone marrow
  • release many bioactive substances: HEPARIN, HISTAMINE, SERINE PROTEASE, EOSINOPHIL AND NEUTROPHIL CHEMOTACTIC FACTORS, CYTOKINES and PHOSPHOLIPID PRECURSOR
A

MAST CELLS

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14
Q

small blood vessels

A

PERIVASCULAR MAST CELLS

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15
Q

Tissue that lines the digestive tract and respiratory tract

A

MUCOSAL MAST CELLS

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16
Q

Increase vascular permeability and smooth muscle contraction

A

HISTAMINE

17
Q

Activate various mediators of inflammation

A

SERINE PROTEASE

18
Q

Attracts leukocytes

A

EOSINOPHILS AND NEUTROPHIL CHEMOTACTIC FACTORS

19
Q

Directing activities of leukocytes

A

CYTOKINES

20
Q

Can be converted into lipid mediators of inflammatory response

A

PHOSPHOLIPID PRECURSOR

21
Q
  • lymphocyte-derived antibody - producing cells
  • LIFE SPAN: 10-20 DAYS
  • AGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA: characterized by the absence/extremely LOW LEVELS OF IMMUNOGLOBULIN

(B - lymphocyte and T - lymphocyte)

A

PLASMA CELLS

22
Q
  • derived from circulating blood cells
  • leave body by migrating between the endothelial cells of venules to enter connective tissue
  • increases greatly during inflammation
A

LEUKOCYTES

23
Q
  • most abundant protein in the body
  • MAJOR PRODUCT OF FIBROBLAST
  • KEY ELEMENT of all connective tissue as well as epithelial basement membrane and the external lamina of muscle and nerve cell
A

COLLAGEN

24
Q

TYPES OF COLLAGEN
- have POLYPEPTIDE SUBUNITS THAT AGGREGATE to large fibrils, clearly visible in light election microscope

A

FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN ( type I, II, III)

25
Q

TYPE OF COLLAGEN
- NETWORK SHEET FORMING, have subunits produced by epithelial cells and are major structural proteins of external laminae and of all basal laminae

A

NETWORK-FORMING COLLAGEN (type IV)

26
Q

TYPE OF COLLAGEN
- short collagens that LINK FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS to one another ( forming larger fibers) and other

A

LINKING/ANCHORING COLLAGEN

27
Q
  • found in delicate connective tissue of many organs, notably in immune system
  • consist mainly of collagen type III which forms an extensive network ( reticulum) of thin fiber for the support of many different cells
  • SELDOM VISIBLE in H&E but are characteristically stained black after impregnation with SILVER SALTS thus termed ARGYROPHILIC
  • PERIODIC ACID - SCHIFF = positive
  • produce by fibroblast occurs in RETICULAR LAMINA of basement membrane
  • surrounds adipocytes, smooth muscle & nerve fibers and small blood vessels
A

RETICULAR FIBERS

28
Q
  • THINNER THAN TYPE I COLLAGEN
  • form sparse networks
  • rubber like properties such as the stroma of the lungs
  • wall of large blood vessels
  • stained with ORCEIN & ALDEHYDE FUCHSIN
A

ELASTIC FIBERS

29
Q

Fenestrated sheets

A

ELASTIC LAMELLAE

30
Q
  • not strongly acidic and stained poorly with H&E
A

ELASTIC FIBERS & LAMELLAE

31
Q
  • highly hydrated, transparent, complex mixtures of 3 major kind molecules:
  • GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS
  • PROTEOGLYCANS
  • MULTIADHESIVE GLYCOPROTEIN
A

GROUND SUBSTANCE

32
Q

Forms a viscous reticular network which binds considerable amount of water

A

HYALURONAN

33
Q

4 major GAGS found in PROTEOGLYCANS

A
  • DERMATAN SULFATE
  • CHONDROITIN SULFATE
  • KERATAN SULFATE
  • HEPARAN SULFATE
34
Q
  • synthesized on the RER, mature in GOLGI APPARATUS, where the GAG side-chains are added , and secreted from cells to exocytosis
A

GLYCOPROTEINS

35
Q
  • Best studied proteoglycan
  • abundant in cartilage
A

AGGRECAN

36
Q
  • Water in the ground substance of connective tissue
  • has an ion composition similar to blood plasma
A

INTERSTITIAL FLUID

HISTOLOGY (12 decks)

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