PRELAB 3.3 Central Dogma

Question 1

Central dogma includes

Answer 1

Transcription
Translation
Protein modification

Question 2

Examples of protein modification

Answer 2

Folding
Size adjustment

Question 3

Primary by-products of central dogma

Answer 3

DNA
RNA (mRNA)

Question 4

Which carries the genetic code for protein synthesis

Answer 4

mRNA containing uracil

Question 5

What is the translation process

Answer 5

Genetic code translated nucleotides triplets (codons) into aa forming proteins

Question 6

What are codons?

Answer 6

Nucleotide triplets that instruct which AA is added to the polypeptide chain

Question 7

Start codon

Answer 7

AUG methionine (initiates the translation)

Question 8

stop codons

Answer 8

UAA
UAG
UGA

Question 9

____ of these codons encode _____ different proteins

Answer 9

61
20

Question 10

The genetic code is _________

Answer 10

universal across all species explaining the common origin of life

Question 11

The translated codons undergo changes via ____ to become ____

Answer 11

Folding
Functional protiens

Question 12

A chain of amino acids folds into ______ to become a protein.

Answer 12

unique 3-D shape

Question 13

The function of a protein depends on its _______.

Answer 13

shape or tertiary structure

Question 14

______ proteins lose their shape thus becomes _____

Example

Answer 14

Denatured
Non functional

Albumin loses their shape when subjected to heat