Pregnancy Dx in the Mare Flashcards
Where is the egg fertilized?
oviduct
When is maternal recognition? how much contact at this point?
day 11-15. 75% of uterus
what stage reaches the uterus?
the morula or early blastocyst at day 5
How is pregnancy maintained after conception?
progesterone past day 16 form CL, endometrial cups at day 35 secreting eCG, accessory CLs at day 50
WHen do the cups go away? WHere does progesterone come from now?
90-120 –> the ovaries go away as well. now it comes from the fetus –> adrenals, gonads, and placenta
What is the chorionic girdle?
ring of remnant cups
What is different from other species about the P4?
it has a large terminal rise before parturition
What is happening with E2 and Test inpregnancy?
E2 - high in early –> to make fetal gonad procursors
Testost - high during the whole thing?
How do we Dx pregnancy in the mare
- non-return to estrus
- Endocrine tests - eCG - until day 40, E2 - after day 90, P4 nothin
- palp - tight cervix, ut tone, bulge at preggo horn,
What features at what days will be seen in rectal palpation?
20 - tight tone
30-40 - bulge at base of horn
What do we see in US for Preggo Dx at different days?
11 - emb vesicle 14 - round capsule shape 15 - twins if there are 17 - guitar pick 20 - long cervix, good tone 22 - emb proper 23 - visible emb 25 - heart beat 30-40 palpable bulge 35 - developing allantois 55-63 - fetal sexing - F under tail, M close to umb
what day is the emb turned into naming it a fetus
36
When can we legally say the animal is pregnant?
day 25
How to deal with cysts?
laser
When comparing LBD and OvD, what happens wehn LBD is before ovulation? Vice versa?
the emb will appear on target for size,
emb too small to find on US so “small for date”
What are the recommended US rechecks?
day 15, 25 for HR, 35 for EED, fall, then pre-foaling
How do twins happen?
asynchronous ovulations
What breeds commonly have twins?
Tb, Warmbloods, drafts,
What is the worry with Dx twins too early?
if 9, 11 day old twins, you will only see the one and call it good. Then it will have twins anyway. Go a little bit later anyway.
When do twins typically abort?
8-11 months
WHen is twin reduction best done? when is the oldest we can manually reduce?
before day 17, day 45
how to avoid rectal injury when reducing a foal?
sedation and buscopan
What other techniques are used to reduce twins than manual? and when?
US allantocentesis –> 35-60
cardiac puncture - 90+ days, give KCL, PenG
Cran-Cerv dislocation - 60-110
