Approach to the Problem Breeding Dog

Question 1

what are the commensal bacteria to the vagina?

Answer 1

e coli, streps, staphs, proteus, pseudomonas

Question 2

Which is the only exception in bacterial vaginal cultures between all the different fertilities of bitches?

Answer 2

Brucella Canis
But heavy growth of anything is significant
Ureaplasma/mycoplasma is considered a problem though too

Question 3

HOw do you take a vaginal culture?

Answer 3

12-15 cm swab for the length ot the vagina and standard double guarded swab is used. WE want to get the cranial vagina

Question 4

WHat does the vaginal look like on endoscopy in the different stages of anestrus, pro and estrus/post

Answer 4

more folds as you go along, need a bit of restraint for

Question 5

smaller litters have ____ gestation

Answer 5

longer

Question 6

How long is the bitch’s gestation

Answer 6

65 days from the LH surge

Question 7

where is fertilization?

Answer 7

in the oviduct wiht the morula

Question 8

when does implantation take place?

Answer 8

18 hours after LH peak

Question 9

what type of placentation?

Answer 9

endothelialchorial, zonary

Question 10

what week into gestation do the mammaries develop?

Answer 10

6 weeks

Question 11

TImeline of pregnancy and things to watch out for…

Answer 11

4-5 wks - uterus elongates and can cause vomitting, pain and anorexia
6 - mammary glands enlarge
7-9 wks - marginally anemic

Question 12

TImeline in the last week before birth

Answer 12

contraction light a wk before

Then just before parturition, see a watery fluid from mammaries, slight mucous and relaxation

Question 13

What happens right as the bitch is whelping or 12 hours before?

Answer 13

temp drops .5 to 1.5 - deontes the first part of parturition

Question 14

what is important for nutrition?

Answer 14

give maintenance then 25% over last 3-4 weeks
give tid
and proper growth/lactation diet
DON”T GIVE SUPPLEMENTARY CALCIUM

Question 15

What days can you start to feel concepti on abd palp?

Answer 15

28-32 days. later, they fall and are harder to know. Same time as US

Question 16

When is rads best to dx preggo?

Answer 16

42-45 -count skulls.

Question 17

What can US tell at which days

Answer 17

20 days post LH surge - dx preg

25 - heart beat

Question 18

Relaxin levels will tell us…

Answer 18

20 days after LH surge will prove preggo. take the test 3-4 weeks after breeding. the most for sure day is 31 at which it will tell perfectly

Question 19

How long is a bitch in stage 2 parturition?

Answer 19

3-6 hours, when the feti are passing

Question 20

When do we assist in stage 2

Answer 20

if 5 hours or longer for first pu or 2 hours before subsequent pups, usuallt 20-60 min apart

Question 21

characteristics of stage 3

Answer 21

placenta expelled right away, should allow the bitch to eat the placenta.

Question 22

Cervical causes of dystocia

Answer 22

inflammation, hormonal failure to dilate, congenital or stricture

Question 23

How to treat canine dystocia

Answer 23

c-section unless 5 or more pups left and small enough, give oxytocin.
.2-.25 IU IM - wait 45 minutes. If puppies come, give more for each one. If they don’t give calcium gluconate and repeat oxytocin after that.

Question 24

THe golden rule for canine dystocia

Answer 24

rad and a c-section

Question 25

what is the pathogenesis behind pseudopregnancy

Answer 25

lower progesterone = higher prolactin

Question 26

clinical signs of pseudopregnancys

Answer 26

mammary enlargment
personality changes
abd distention
lactation
vomitting, depression, anor

Question 27

How to Dx Pseudopreg?

Answer 27

Rads and US for nothing

wait 42 days

Question 28

what does bromocryptine do?

Answer 28

inhibits prolactin secretion

Question 29

Preg is dependent on the CL for how long…

Answer 29

the whole time in dogs and cats

Question 30

what is the CL dependent on?

Answer 30

LH and prolactin

Question 31

Which drugs are luteotrophic?

Answer 31

Estrogens - DES (oral), ECP (inj)
Dexamethasone - give mid-gest, 5 mg Bid, inj
Pg - lutalyse
PG analogues - fenprostalene, fluprostenol, cloprostenol

Question 32

Which drugs are anti-prolactin

Answer 32

bromocriptine

cabergoline

Question 33

Side effects of the estrogens

Answer 33

TCpenia, anemia, leukopenia, pancytopenia, cystic endometrial hyperplasia, pyometra

Question 34

What are the P4 antagonists?

Answer 34

Mifepristone

Aglepristone

Question 35

What is a benefit and risk of the PG for Preg discont?

Answer 35

can use early like 6 days into diestrus
harsh side effects like dilating cervix, increasing mot/tone –> expulse contents. Worse yet, hyperpnea, hypersalivation, vomition, defecation,