Post-Parturient Bitch Disorders Flashcards
what are clinical signs of retained placenta?
green/black discharge for more than 12-24 hours
systemic illness
hungry, restless pupsq
what can retained placenta prolonged cause?
necrosis of uterine wall, toxemia, uterine distention, metritis, death
Dx of retained placenta
not all of them came out (count)
palp, rads, us, cbc
how to tx retained placentae
oxytocin digital manipulation Pr AM, NSaids, fluids OHE
what is subinvolution of the uterine horns
when the uterus does not return to normal size. usually both sides
What are possible complications from subinvolution?
Toxic Milk Syndrome - may see bloated crying pups
fluid debris retained,
incomplete contractions
Tx of subinvolution?
empty the uterus and restore tone with oxytocin, PGF2a, calcium gluconate,
Deal with the pups and give 10% dextrose to deal with bloating
etiologies of acute metritis
e coli, staph, strep
clinical signs of acute metrittis
ill
agalactia, neglect of pups
red fetid discharge and green/black
abd pain
Tx of acute metritis
get pups off, give fluids and dextrose supportive tx AM PGF2a, oxytocin, ergonovine OHE
What is SIPS?
trophoblastic cells don’t degenerate, continue to invade endometrium and myometrium
clinical signs of SIPS
persistent hemorrhagic discahrge and rarely anemia
What is unique about the Dx of SIPS?
occ’l syncitiotrophoblasts on cytology
Tx of SIPS
look at PCV, PGF2a and progetsin ovaban, then maybe OHE
Repeated - oxytocin and ergonovine (preventative too?)
How do you deal with a uterine prolapse? (usually in cats more)
look for damage, rinse and replace, give oxytocin/AM (a wk), may have to do the OHE
Which agalactia is treatable and which is not?
primary - lack of development of mammary tiisue - not Tx
secondary - is Tx, remove underlying cause.
feed the pups in the mean time
When do we see galactostasis?
sometimes after pseudopreg
right around whelping
clinical signs of galactostasis
uncomfortable dog, milk drops from nipple, usually at an abnormal nipple
Tx of galactostasis
keep awsay from feed and water give furosemide massaage and milk by hand warm/cold pack it anti-prolactin, AM,
Tx of mastitis
massage and milk hotpacks, maybe cold to relieve lance and drain if absces AM, NSAIDs, Cabergoline, deal with the puppies appropriately
What is puerperal tetany (eclampsia) caused by ?
caused by too much calcium
stay away from wheat bran, soybean meal
what can overzealous oxytocin cause?
rupture of the uterus or cranial vagina
what is perforating uterine ulcers caused by and what will it present as?
from RFM or pup, causes local necrosis and perforates –> presents as acute abdomen with weird va discharge
what is the best thing to do with abnormal behaviour of bitches
tranq them
superfecund in ____
superfetation in ____
dogs
cats
vaginal edema/hyperplasia/prolapse is caused by…
estrogenic responsen of vaginal mucosa in pro/estrus
Tx of vaginal edema/hyperplasia, prolapse
will shrink in Diestrus or OHE
when do you see ovarian remnant syndrome and what do you do about it?
see 2 months after OHE with swollen vulva and bleeding, attracting males. treatment is surgery to get the rest out. haha
lesions from TVT
vulvular, penile and facial lesions(nose, conjunctiva)
Tx of TVT
complete surgical excision - and extensive chemo/radiation/vinchrinstine tx
what is the prognosis for mammary tumors?
IF between 4-17 months - bad
which glands are most affected in mammary tumors?
glands 4 and 5
what increases the risk of mammary tumors?
increased progestin
what is the only prevention of estrsu in canada
ovaban (megestrol acetate)
non-infectious causes of fetal loss
nutrition - like vit A, Iodine, mang trauma drugs hypoluteism CEH Genetic Uterine torsion inguinla hernia prolonged gestation
Infectious causes of embryonic and fetal loss
Brucella Canis
Canine Herpes Virus
Canine Distemper Virus
Canine Parvovirus
Campylo
salmonella
lepto
e coli, strep group L, ureaplasma, mycoplasma, toxo
Pathogenesis of Brucella
mucosal entry –> phagocytes –> regional LN (6mo-6yrs) with cell associ bacteremia –> hits other organs, goes into IC MN cell persistence and proliferation in the spleen and BM –> intermitt bactermia.
also goes to teh genital LN and causes prostatitis, epidid, orchitis, pregnant uteru, infertiliy and abortions
CLinical signs of Brucella
lymphadeniits and splenitis
abortion
vag discharge
When does brucella usually abort?
45-49 days
How to Dx brucella?
RTAT or AGID, ELISA
