Pre-practical Upper Limb Flashcards
What is the cavity of the shoulder joint called?
Glenoid cavity
What cartilage is found along the rim of the glenoid cavity?
Glenoid labrum
What bone acts as a link between the apical and axial skeletons?
Clavicle
What is the weakest pat of the shoulder capsule?
Inferior part
Name the ligaments supporting the shoulder capsule.
- Coraclavicular ligament
- Coracoacromial ligament
- Coracohumeral ligament
- Glenohumeral ligament
Which bursa is continuous with the synovial cavity of the shoulder cavity?
Subscapular bursa
Name the bursa of the shoulder joint.
- Subscapular bursa
- Subcoracoid bursa
- Subacromial bursa
Name the muscles of the rotator cuff.
- Subscapularis
- Supraspinatous
- Infraspinatous
- Teres minor
What is the scapula-humeral rhythm?
The scapula and humerus move in 1:2 ratio. When the arm is abducted 180 degrees, 60 degrees occurs by rotation of the scapula and 120 degrees by rotation of the humerus at the shoulder joint
What can scapular injury affect?
Movement at the shoulder joint
What movements can occur at the shoulder joint?
- Flexion and extension
- Medial and lateral rotation
- Abduction and adduction
- Circumduction
What are the movements of the scapula?
- Elevation
- Depression
- Adduction (retraction)
- Abduction (protraction)
- Upward rotation
- Downward rotation
What muscles are involved in depression off the scapula?
- Pec major
- Pec minor
- Latissimus dorsi
What muscles are involved in elevation of the scapula?
- Trapezius
- Levator scapulae
- Serratus anterior
What muscles are involved in retraction of the scapula?
- Trapezius
- Rhomboids
- Latissimus dorsi
What muscles are involved in protraction of the scapula?
- Levator scapulae
- Serratus anterior
What muscles are involved in external rotation of the scapula?
- Deltoid
- Teres minor
- Infraspinatous
What muscles are involved in internal rotation of the scapula?
- Deltoid
- Pec major
- Teres major
- Latissimus dorsi
What are the borders of the axilla?
Anterior
-Pectoralis major and minor
Medial
-Serratus anterior and thoracic wall
Posterior
-Scapularis, teres major and latissimus dorsi
Lateral
-Intertubercular sulcus
What muscles does the brachial plexus emerge between?
Anterior and posterior scalene muscles
What are the contents of the cubital fossa?
- Brachial artery
- Median nerve
- Biceps tendon
- Radial nerve
What are the borders of the cubital fossa?
Superior
-Imaginary line between epicondyles
Lateral
-Medial border of brachioradialis
Medial
-Lateral border of pronator teres
Name the parts of the superior ulna.
- Olecranon
- Trochlear notch
- Coronoid process
- Radial notch
Name the parts of the superior radius.
- Head
- Neck
- Radial tuberosity
What ligament holds the radius against the ulna?
Annular ligament
What are the superficial veins of the upper limb?
- Cephalic vein
- Basilic vein
- Dorsal venous arch
What does the dorsal venous arch drain into?
- Basilic vein (medial side)
- Cephalic vein (lateral side)
What is the course of the cephalic vein?
Pierces the clavipectoral fascia at the upper end of the deltopectoral groove to enter the axillary vein
What is the course of the basilica vein?
Pierces the fascia in the medial mid arm to join the venae commitants which together, at the inferior border of teres major becomes the axillary vein
Where is the radial pulse found?
Lateral to the tendon of flexor carpi radialis
Where is the brachial pulse found?
In the cubital fossa, lateral to the median nerve
What muscles are in the superficial anterior forearm?
- Pronator teres
- Flexor carpi radialis
- Palmaris longus
- Flexor carpi ulnaris
What muscles are in the deep anterior forearm?
- Flexor digitorum profundus
- Flexor pollicis longus
- Pronator quadratus
What muscles are found in the superficial posterior forearm?
- Brachioradialis
- Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
- Extensor digitorum
- Extensor digiti minim
- Extensor carpi ulnaris
- Aconeus
What muscles are found in the deep posterior forearm?
- Supinator
- Abductor pollicis longus
- Extensor pollicis longus and brevis
- Extensor indicis
What is the main content of the anatomical snuff box?
Radial artery
What runs across the roof of the anatomical snuff box?
Superficial radial nerve
What bones form the floor of the anatomical snuff box?
Scaphoid and trapezium
What are the contents of the carpal tunnel
- Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
- Tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis
- Tendon of flexor pollicis longus
- Median nerve
What is the action of the dorsal interossei?
Abductors of the fingers
What is the action of the palmar interossei?
Adductors of the fingers
Name the carpal bones
- Triquetrum
- Hamate
- Capitate
- Trapezoid
- Trapezium
- Scaphoid
- Lunate
- Pisiform
