Hand and Wrist Clinical Flashcards
How are the digits referred to?
D1: thumb D2: index finger D3: middle finger D4: ring finger D5: pinky finger
What is the volar surface?
Palm
What are the types of bones present in the hand?
- 5 distal phalanges
- 4 intermediate phalanges
- 5 proximal phalanges
- 5 metacarpals
- Carpal bones
What joints are present in the hand?
- 4 DIPJ
- 4 PIPJ
- 1 IPJ
- 5 MCPJ
- 5 CMCJ
Why is there an only an interphalangeal joint in the thumb?
Thumb has no middle phalanx
Where are the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints found?
Only in the fingers (absent in the thumb)
Name the carpal bones.
- Scaphoid
- Lunate
- Hamate
- Triquetrum
- Pisiform
- Trapezium
- Trapezoid
- Capitate
Why is there a risk of the proximal part of the scaphoid developing avascular necrosis if injured?
- It has a retrograde blood supply (distal to proximal)
- A fracture is therefore more difficult to heal
- More proximal the fracture, the more likely to develop AVN.
What are the boundaries of the anatomical snuffbox?
- EPL
- EPB and AP
- Styloid process of radius
What can be palpated in the anatomical snuffbox?
- Radial artery
- Radial styloid process
- Scaphoid
- Trapezium
- Base of 1st metcarpal
What flexor muscles can be found superficially in the anterior forearm?
- Flexor carpi ulnaris
- Palmaris longus
- Flexor carpi radialis
- Pronator teres
How is palmaris longus tested?
- With wrist slightly flexed
- Oppose thumb and little finger
What is the importance of palmaris longus?
Used in tendon transfers (auto grafts)
What is the only tendon to act on the DIPJ
FDP
How is FDP tested alone?
Isolate the DIPJ of the finger
