PRE: Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Diseases Flashcards
Tuberculosis (TB) : definition and causes
potentially serious bacterial infection that affects the lungs ; caused by ‘Mybcobacterium tuberculosis’ spread though air droplets
Tuberculosis (TB) : symptoms
symptoms include a bloody/mucus cough, weight loss, fatigue, fever, chills, night sweats, and chest pain
Tuberculosis (TB) : symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment
symptoms include a bloody/mucus cough, weight loss, fatigue, fever, chills, night sweats, and chest pain
Cardiac Arrest
when there is no heart beat; maybe caused by a heart attack
Hypertension : definition and causes
high blood pressure with pressure on your arteries being high enough to cause health issues ; causes include age, diet, family history, obesity, and lack of exercise
Hypertension : symptoms and treatment
symptoms include headaches, shortness of breath, nose bleeds ; treated by a change in diet, consumption of less alcohol, and increase of physical activities
Tuberculosis (TB) : diagnosis and treatment
diagnosed by blood imaging/sputum test ; treated by long course antibiotics
Endocarditis : definition and causes
inflammation of the inner lining of the heart ; caused by germs entering the bloodstream and attaching to the endocardium
Endocarditis : symptoms and treatment
symptoms include aching joints/muscles, chest pains with breathing, fatigue, flu-like symptoms, and shortness of breath ; treatment of medication (such as antibiotics) and surgery
Mesothelioma : definition and causes
a type of cancer that occurs in tissue that cover viscera ; caused by a mutation in cells and asbestos exposure
Mesothelioma : symptoms
chest pain, painful coughing, shortness of breath, weight loss, bumps under the skin (often on the chest)
Mesothelioma : diagnosis and treatment
diagnosed through biopsy, CT scans, MRI scans, and PET scans ; treated through surgery, chemo/radiation/immuno therapy
Sarcoidosis
inflammatory disease in which small nodes form in lungs and lymph nodes
Heart Murmur : definition and causes
whosh-like sound occurring through an abnormal valve ; caused by anemia, hypertension, fever, an overactive thyroid
Heart Murmur : symptoms and treatmetn
symptoms of chest pain, rapid heart beats, breathlessness, fatigue ; treated through medication, surgery, and diuretics
Cystic Fibrosis
inherited disorder of exocrine glands, resulting in thick mucus secretions that do not drain normally
Pertussi
highly contagious bacterial infection of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea caused by ‘Bordetella pertussis’ ; aka whooping cough
Trans Ischmic Attack (TIA)
temporary blood restrictions or short strokes that are reoccurring
Croup
acute viral infection in infants and children characterized by obstruction of the larynx, barking cough, and stridor
Emphysema : definition and causes
destruction of lung tissue, mainly alveoli ; caused by smoking and inhaling air pollution
Emphysema : symptoms
delirium, loss of breath, chest tightness, grayish lips and fingernails, frequent coughing and/or wheezing
Emphysema : diagnosis and treatment
diagnosed by imaging/lab/lung function tests ; there is no cure, only usage of antibiotics and inhaled steroids to help relieve symptoms
Bronchogenic Carcinoma
malignant neoplasm (cancer) originating in a bronchus
Atelectasis
partial or whole collapse of a lung(s)
