Nervous System and Brain Notes Flashcards
how many sections of the brain are there, and what are their names?
3 sections :
-cerebrum (lobes, gyri, sulci)
-cerebelum (hind brain)
-brainstem
what are meninges?
protective coverings on/of the brain
what are the 4 arteries that supply blood to the brain?
L+R vertebral arteries (through C vertabrea foramina)
L+R carotid arteries
how does your brain get nourishment from the blood (bc no blood in the brain)
the blood brain barrier (‘security cells’) is a gateway that removes what the brain needs from the blood
how come most medications don’t work on the brain?
bc the blood brain barrier does not recognize the medication as something it needs, therefore it does not accept it into the brain
what is meningitis?
inflammation of the meninges due to irritation of the meninges
where does CSF pool?
in the ventricals
3rd, 4th, and the two lateral ventricles
what separates the lateral ventricles?
septum pallucidum
what are some differences of the CNS and the PNS
CNS:
-contains the brain and spinal cord
-most protected organs in the body
PNS:
-all nerves in the body outside the brain and spinal collum
-bundles of axons, ganglia, nerve cell clusters
-31 pairs of spinal nerves that extend form the intervertebral foramina
define the nervous system
a controlling and communication system that processes through all through, action, emotion, and life processes
what are the 3 main functions of the nervous system?
1) sensory input – information in though sensory receptors
2) integration – processing sensory input
3) motor output – activation of effector organs to cause a response
where does the spinal cord end?
from foramen magnum to L2
what are the nerve pairs, and what do they innervate?
8 cervical nerve pairs: innervates neck, arms and hands
12 thoracic nerve pairs: innervates chest and abdomen
5 lumbar, 5 sacral and 1 coccygeal nerve pairs: innervates legs and feet
