Abdominal Organs +

Question 1

esophagus

Answer 1

posterior to the trachea, connects to the stomach via the cardiac (or gastroesophageal) sphincter

Question 2

stomach

Answer 2

posterior to the liver, anterior to the pancreases, the spleen, and the large intestines, connects to the esophagus via the cardiac (or gastroesophageal) sphincter and connects to the duodenum via the pyloric sphincter

Question 3

cardiac notch of the stomach

Answer 3

external and superior, seen where the esophagus connects to the stomach

Question 4

body of the stomach

Answer 4

the area between the fundus and the pyloric region, the main part of the stomach

Question 5

rugae of the stomach

Answer 5

wrinkle-like folds found in the interior of the stomach, there to increase surface area on in the stomach and aid in digestion

Question 6

fundus of the stomach

Answer 6

the upper part of the stomach (seen superior to where the cardiac sphincter is), superior to the body

Question 7

pyloric region

Answer 7

part of the stomach inferior to the body, contains multiple parts and is before the pyloric sphincter

Question 8

lesser curvature of the stomach

Answer 8

a curve of the stomach, seen on the side where the esophagus attaches, medial to the greater curvature

Question 9

greater curvature of the stomach

Answer 9

a curve of the stomach lateral to the lesser curvature as well as greater in size to the lesser curvature

Question 10

pyloric sphincter

Answer 10

the ring of muscle that connects the stomach (pyloric region) to the duodenum

Question 11

small intestine

Answer 11

consisting of three parts (the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) that connects the stomach to the large intestines; inferior to the stomach and most of the large intestine, medial to the kidneys and the large intestine

Question 12

duodenum

Answer 12

a section of the small intestine, it connects to the stomach via pyloric sphincter and to the jejunum

Question 13

jejunum

Answer 13

a section of the small intestine that connects the duodenum to the ileum

Question 14

ileum

Answer 14

part of the small intestine, it connects the jejunum to the cecum via ileocecal valve

Question 15

large intestine

Answer 15

consisting of 6 parts (cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum), it connects the small intestine to the anus, lying posterior to the stomach and superior and lateral to the small intestine

Question 16

cecum

Answer 16

the ‘first stage’ of the large intestine, it is where the ileum connects to the large intestine via the ileocecal valve, also is connected superiorly to the appendix

Question 17

appendix

Answer 17

a small worm like structure that is attached to the cecum, sometimes removed

Question 18

hepatic flexor

Answer 18

the right ‘corner’ of the large intestine, it is where the ascending and transverse colon meet, getting its name due to it lying close to the liver

Question 19

splenic flexor

Answer 19

the left ‘corner’ of the large intestine, it is where the transverse and descending colon meet, getting its name due to it lying close to the spleen

Question 20

haustra

Answer 20

a single section/segment of the large intestine, often identified with the transverse colon

Question 21

epiploic appendages

Answer 21

fatty appendages that hand off all parts of the large intestine, and identifying feature

Question 22

teniae coli

Answer 22

the smooth muscle band that runs in the ‘middle’ of the large intestine

Question 23

liver

Answer 23

lies anterior to the stomach, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, small intestine, large intestine, etc.

Question 24

falciform ligament

Answer 24

the ligament that connects the right and left lobe of the liver, often left as sheet-like, lying over the left lobe

Question 25

round ligament

Answer 25

connected to the falciform ligament, however it hangs inferior to the liver and is much more tube/worm like

Question 26

caudate lobe

Answer 26

posterior lobe of the liver, it lies between the inferior vena cava and the falciform ligament, superior to the quadrate lobe

Question 27

quadrate lobe

Answer 27

posterior lobe of the liver, it lies between the gallbladder and the falciform ligament, inferior to the caudate lobe

Question 28

pancreas

Answer 28

connects to the duodenum, posterior to the stomach and liver, superior to the large and small intestines, medial to the spleen and the kidneys

Question 29

ampulla of vater (mepatopancreatic ampulla)

Answer 29

the hole (ampulla means hole) that connects the pancreatic duct and the common bile duct to the duodenum

Question 30

sphincter of oddi

Answer 30

the ring of muscle that surrounds the ampulla of vater

Question 31

gall bladder

Answer 31

directly posterior to the liver, like basically connected dude, attaches to the common bile and the hepatic duct

Question 32

cystic duct

Answer 32

coming directly off the gall bladder, it connects to the common bile duct

Question 33

common bile duct

Answer 33

connects the hepatic duct to the duodenum (via ampulla of vater)o

Question 34

omentum

Answer 34

both greater and lesser, fat coming off of the stomach, the lesser of the lesser curvature and the greater of the greater curvature, the greater omentum lies anterior to the large and small intestine in a way similar to a 1980s waist apron

Question 35

mesentery

Answer 35

the fat the connects the large intestine to each other (for example, the ascending and descending colon) and is full of viens

Question 36

spleen

Answer 36

posterior to the stomach, superior to the pancreas, kidneys, small and large intestine, and lies lateral to the stomach and pancreas