Bone Physiology Flashcards
functions of bone
-supports body
-muscle attachment zone
-protects soft tissue
-product blood
hematopoiesis
producing blood cells in red bone marrow
epiphyseal line
the line given in a long bone after the epiphyseal plate has died (no more bone growth)
periosteum
the bone’s ‘skin’
bone types
-long
-short
-flat
-irregular
long bone
- longer than they are wide
- long shaft with two bulky ends or extremities
-primarily compact bone but may have a large amount of spongy bone at the ends or extremities - produce least amount of blood
short bone
-roughly cube shaped with vertical and horizontal dimensions approximately equal proportions
-primarily spongy bone covered by a thin layer of compact bone.
-include the bones of the wrist and ankle
-produce most blood
flat bone
-thin, flattened, and usually curved
-no bone marrow
-no internal cavity(ies)
irregular bone
-bones not characteristic of any other of the bones types (no long, flat, or short)
-primarily spongy bone that is covered with a thin layer of compact bone
-vary in structure and shape
what is the bone matrix made out of
-15% H2O, 30% collogen, 55% mineral salts
-Ca(PO4) and Ca(CO3)
why is Vitamin D so important for bones?
No Vitamin D = no Ca intake = no Ca for osteoblast = weak bones (less density)
lamellae
makes up osteons
concentric lamella
lamellae that make up the circle of the osteon
interstitual lamellae
lamellae that make up the ‘inbetween’ of the osteons
haversion canal
systems of blood vessels that travel through the bones
