Practice Question Note Cards Flashcards
Occurs when one allele of a gene is transcribed. This occurs during genomic imprinting in which either paternal or maternal gene is expressed, but not both
Monoallelic expression
Zinc atoms associate with domains of steroid receptor protein domains to form zinc finger that
Bind DNA
Where do pKa’s 1, 2, and 3 occur?
pKa 1: at 0.5 eq’s of titrant
pKa 2: at 1.5 eq’s of titrant
pKa 3: at 2.5 eq’s of titrant
pKa’s occur every
0.5 eq’s of titrant added
Buffer regions are approximately
pKa +/- 1
TFIIH is a general transcription factor with
Helicase activity
The binding of a steroid hormone to its receptor causes a conformational change in the receptor that uncovers its
Zinc finger DNA binding domain
Plays several key roles in ribosomes, including: recognition and positioning of tRNA and mRNA and catalyzing peptidyl transferase activity of 60S subunit
rRNA
DNA molecules made as a copy of mRNA and therefore lacking the introns that are present in the genomic DNA
-used to determine amino acid sequence of a protein by DNA sequencing or to make the protein in large quantities by cloning followed by expression
Complimentary DNA (cDNA)
cDNA is used to determine the amino acid sequence of a protein by DNA sequencing or to make the protein in large quantities by
Cloning
Expression of a specific gene is down-regulated using RNA interference
Gene knockdown
Catalyze oxidation/reduction reactions
Oxidoreductases
Catalyze the transfer of C-, N-, or P- containing groups
Transferases
Catalyze the cleavage of bonds by addition of water
Hydrolases
Catalyze cleavage of C-C, C-S, and certain C-N bonds
Lyases
Catalyze racemization of optical or geometric isomers
Isomerases
Catalyze formation of bonds between carbon and O, S, and N coupled to hydrolysis of high energy phosphates
Ligases
According to the CDC, what immunization is indicated for a baby before the baby leaves the hospital?
Hepatitis B
For people with what condition is Zostavax contraindicated?
HIV Infection with CD4+ count
When do you have to have your meningococcal an Tdap (one each) immunizations by?
6th grade
How many doses of Hep B vaccine must you have by kindergarten-1st grade?
3
How many doses of polio vaccine must you have by the time you get to kindergarten-1st grade?
3 (one must be after 4th birthday)
Which vaccine requires 1 dose for children born after 1/1/97, given no earlier than ten years of age?
Meningococcal
What are the four main immunizations indicated for all adults
Influenza, Tdap, Varicella, MMR, Also potentially HPV
Vericella, Zoster, amd MMR are contraindicated for
- ) Pregnant women
- ) Immunocompromising condition (excluding HIV)
- ) HIV infected with CD4+ count
For women, one dose of Tdap is indicated for each
Pregnancy
Typically, we do not give babies MMR, Varicella, or Hep A shots until
12 months of age
What are the five vaccines we give babies at 2 months?
- ) Rotavirus
- ) DTap
- ) Hib
- ) Pneumococcal conjugate (PCV13)
- ) Polio (IPV)
Varicella, Zoster, and MMR are all
Live immunizations
The interval for PCV13 followed by PPSV23 has been changed from
6 months to 1 year
Meningitus B vaccine can be given to adolescents and young adults aged
16-23
What are the three principles of the characteristics of the disease?
- ) Significant morbidity and mortality
- ) Prolonged Asymptomatic Phase
- ) Effective treatment available?
What are the three principles of the characteristics of the population?
- ) High Prevalence
- ) Acceptance of the test
- ) Ability to comply/report
What are the three principles of the characteristics of the test?
- ) Sensitivity and Specificity
- ) Validity and Reliability
- ) Cost (effectiveness)
The reliability of mammography is not very
High
What is the sensitivity and specificity of the test for the prostate specific antigen (PSA)?
Sensitivity = 21% Specificity = 91%
Which type of prostate cancer do we want to find?
Type B or C (but preferentially type B)
The prevalence of prostate cancer in 50 year olds is
50%
What is the cost per life saved?
$50, 000
Lipid screening for those without estrogen should begin at age
35
Lipid screening for everyone at risk for CAD should begin at age
20
What are four types of preventative services?
- ) Annual physicals
- ) Screening tests
- ) Immunizations
- ) Well-baby checkups
What are the immunizations required to attend NJ schools?
- ) DTap
- ) Polio
- ) MMR
- ) Hep B
- ) Varicella
What are four of the top ten causes of mortality?
- ) Cardiac
- ) Cancer
- ) COPD
- ) Accidents
The proportion of people in a population who have the disease at a particular point in time
Point Prevalence
The proportion of people who have the disease over a specified period of time.
Period Prevalence
The proportion of a population at risk that develops the disease (new cases) over a period of time.
Cumulative Incidence
The rate of new cases per the total amount of time people in the population were at risk, in this case measured as person-years. Incidence density is a measure of the incidence rate in a dynamic changing population, such as workers in a particular industry.
Incidence Density
