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BMS > Cytology Lab 1 > Flashcards

Cytology Lab 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The two most common LM stains are

A
  1. ) Hematoxalyn (blue)

2. ) Eosin (Red)

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2
Q

What had a thinner section, LM or EM?

A

EM

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3
Q

What is the theoretical limit of resolution for LM?

A

0.20 um

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4
Q

What is the theoretical limit of resolution for EM?

A

0.2-0.5 nm

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5
Q

A barrier between two aqueous compartments made up of choesterol, glycolipids, phospholipids, and proteins

A

Plasma membrane

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6
Q

Associated with nuclear lamins

A

Inner nuclear membrane

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7
Q

Continuous with endoplasmic reticulum. Can not distinguish a double membrane in LM

A

Outer nuclear membrane

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8
Q

We can not see mitochondria under LM using an

A

H and E stain

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9
Q

The golgi will appear with what type of stain?

A

Silver stain

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10
Q

With an H and E stain, the golgi is?

A

Unstained (will be a white region near nucleus)

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11
Q

Structures in the cytoplasm that are formed from the metbolic products of the cell

-non-living components of the cell

A

Inclusions (Glycogen, Lipids, Pigment granules)

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12
Q

The only inclusion with a membrane is the

A

Pigment granules

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13
Q

Membrane bound packets of stored products which have gone through the biosynthetic pathway

A

Secretory Granules

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14
Q

Cells storing many granules are indicative of

A

Regulated secretion

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15
Q

Light vacuolated appearance is indicative of

A

SER and Lipid Droplets

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16
Q

We can not see the cytoskeleton under

A

LM

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17
Q

Form the structural basis of microvilli, sterocilia, and adherent junctions

A

Actin

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18
Q

Involved in the intracellular trafficking of vesicles

A

Microtubules

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19
Q

Provide mechanical support for the cell

A

Intermediate filaments

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20
Q

Under LM, the RER stains

A

Blue

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21
Q

Lines all surfaces (external and internal) is avascular, and is highly cellular

A

Epithelium

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22
Q

Forms the parenchyma (secretory portion) of

exocrine and endocrine glands

A

Epithelium

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23
Q

Functions in protection and regulation of water and nutrient uptake

A

Apical plasma membrane

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24
Q

Which part of the epithelium provides protection to underlying connective tissue?

A

Skin

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25
Q

If the epithelium has one layer it is classified as

A

Simple

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26
Q

If the epithelium has two or more layers it is classified as

A

Stratified

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27
Q

Stratified in appearance, however, surface cells can be dome shaped or flat and the nuclei are ROUNDED in appearance

A

Transitional epithelium

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28
Q

All cells rest on the basement membrane, but not all cells reach the luminal surface

-Cell surface modifications (Cilia and Stereocilia) are ALWAYS present

A

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

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29
Q

If present, should be included in the classification of

epithelial tissue.

A

Surface modifications and Goblet cells

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30
Q

Supports the tissue and forms the boundary between epithelium and connective tissue

A

Basement membrane or Basal Lamina

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31
Q

Line blood vessels and ventricles and atria of the heart

A

Simple Squamous epithelium

32
Q

Simple squamous epithelium function in

A

Fluid transport, gas exchange, and lubrication

33
Q

Located mainly in ducts of glands, covering of ovaries, and kidney tubules. Functions in secretion, absorption, and protection

A

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

34
Q

Wine glass shaped cell filled with mucus droplets (glycoprotein) which are secreted and function to lubricate luminal surface

A

Goblet Cell

35
Q

Stratified epithelium is identified by the layer that is

A

Closest to surface of lumen

36
Q

We NEVER find cilia or sterocilia at the cell surface of

A

Stratified epithelium

37
Q

In keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, the cell layer closest to the lumen lack

A

Nuclei

38
Q

Located in the ducts of sweat glands

A

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

39
Q

Will ALWAYS have a surface modification such as cilia or sterocilia

A

Pseudostratified Epithelium

40
Q

Do pseudostratified squamous and pseudostratified cuboidal epithelium exist?

A

No

41
Q

Invaginations of the plasma membrane in transitional epithelium that play an important role in the permeability barrier

A

Unit Membrane (UM)

42
Q

Maintains selective passage of substances from one side of the epithelium to the other

A

Tight Junction

43
Q

Secretes its product via ducts to the surface

A

Exocrine Glands

44
Q

Secretes product directly into blood stream via fenestrated capillaries and lymphatic vessels

A

Endocrine glands

45
Q

Composed of relatively few cells and a relatively large amount of intercellular material

A

Connective tissue (Stroma)

46
Q

The ECM is made up of which two components?

A

Fibers and ground substance

47
Q

Produces both the fibers and the ground substance

-Principal cell of connective tissue

A

Fibroblast

48
Q

Mostly collagen with just a little elastic tissue

-Connect muscle to bone

A

Tendons

49
Q

Collagen, but with more elastic fibers since we want it to stretch and return to original shape

-Connects bone to bone

A

Ligaments

50
Q

Coarser collagen bundles are used for

A

Tendons and Ligaments

51
Q

Surround individual muscle cells, nerve fibers, and supporting lymphoid tissues

A

Fine Reticular Fibers

52
Q

Fibers are less common and a highly hydrated ground substance predominates

A

Loose connective tissue

53
Q

The polyanionic properties of ground substance enable it to hold Na+ ions and water in the connective tissue and thus

A

Resist compression

54
Q

Have a significant influence on the passage of materials across connective tissue

A

Glycosaminoglycans

55
Q

Provides storage of substances (mostly triglycerides) that can be metabolized to produce energy

A

White adipose tissue

56
Q

Functions in thermogenesis

A

Brown adipose tissue

57
Q

White blood cells are found in

A

Connective tissue

58
Q

Have a great capacity to proliferate in response to

injury. Thus connective tissues usually heal well after injury

A

Fibroblasts and Mesenchymal cells

59
Q

The dead components of connective tissues are degraded by

A

Macrophages

60
Q

What are the three types of cells that reside in CT?

A

Fibroblasts, adipocytes, WBCs, and mesenchymal cells

61
Q

Has a well developd RER and golgi and a long, tapered nucleus

-secretes ECM

A

Fibroblast

62
Q

Undifferentiated cells that retain the potential to develop into fibroblasts

A

Mesenchymal cells

63
Q

Found scattered throughout loose CT

-not membrane bound

A

Adipocyte

64
Q

Has darker pink staining due to increased collagen bundles

A

Dense CT

65
Q

All collagen bundles run in the same direction in

A

Dense Regular CT

66
Q

Collagen bundles run in all different directions in

A

Dense Irregular CT

67
Q

Easy to distinguish because they contain numerous secretory granules

A

Mast cells

68
Q

Usually a small cell, mostly nucleus with a rim of cytoplasm

-large collections found in lamina propria

A

Lymphocyte

69
Q

Have extensive RERs and their nuclei tend to be shifted towards one side

A

Plasma Cells

70
Q

Tendons and Ligaments are made up of which type of CT?

A

Dense regular

71
Q

The dermis of the skin is made up of which type of CT?

A

Dense irregular

72
Q

Reticular fibers (type III collagen) are found in

A

Lymph nodes

73
Q

Macrophages contain many

A

Lysosomes

74
Q

Contains numerous fat droplets of varying sizes

-Nucleus is rounded

A

Brown fat

75
Q

A specialized white blood cell that leaves the circulation to function in phagocytosis and respond to parasitic infections

A

Eosinophils

76
Q

Most common monocyte

-Functions in phagocytosis

A

Neutrophil

BMS (62 decks)

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