PQ7 Flashcards
Which contrast is injected in to the sub-arachnoid space in myelography?
Iodine
Where can myelography be performed?
Lumbar region & atlanto-occipital joint
What types of intensifying screens are known?
CaWo4 and rare-earth screen (blue or green)
Characteristics of laryngeal paralysis
Old; Large breed; Idiopathic background
Characteristics of feline asthma
Cytological & microbiological examination of BAL is highly important
Which sign reflects the most severe acute respiratory distress (pO2 < 60mmHg)?
a. Dyspnoe
b. Cyanosis
c. Hyperventilation
d. Labial breathing
Cyanosis
Colloid infusions. Choose the correct answer?
A) Contain small molecule weight compounds
B) In a dosage less than 20 ml/kg/day they may induce coagulopathy
C) are used to treat dehydration
D) Can be used in hypovolaemia combined with crystalloids
Are used in hypovolaemia combined with crystalloids
Canine chronic bronchitis?
A)Bronchial pattern on x ray
B) mucopurulent discharge in the bronchi during
bronchoscopy
C) cytology and microbiology of BAL are required
D) All correct
Bronchial pattern on x-ray; Mucopurulent discharge in the bronchi during
bronchoscopy; Cytology & microbiology of BAL are required
D) all correct
What does “atypical operation” mean?
a. One sort of life-saving surgeries
b. One sort of tumour removal procedures
c. Specific plastic surgical intervention
d. An individual procedure using the whole knowledge, experience and intuition of the surgeon
An individual procedure using the whole knowledge, experience & intuition of the
surgeon
Which arytenoid structure is anchored during CAL?
Processus muscularis, Processus cuneifomis, Processus corniculatus
Characteristics of aspiration pneumonia
Prognosis can be influenced by pH, volume & quality of the aspirated content;
Megaoesophagus or laryngeal dysfunction
Which statement is incorrect regarding cervical tracheal resection/ anastomosis?
Either interrupted or continuous stitches are applied
Characteristics of canine/feline bacterial pneumonia
Its background is usually viral, foreign body or food inspiration
Which statement is incorrect regarding midline sternotomy?
Finochietto rib retractor or gelpi retractor is applicable
Which of the following can you not give subcutaneously
Injections containing glucose
The peripheral venous catheter…
Has a valve in the upper (coloured cap) connection part
How long can a nasogastric tube stay for?
5-10 days
After perivenous injection
A swelling develops at the injection site
According to the WSAVA vaccination guidelines issued in 2016, the last injection of
a puppy series is at the age of…
16 weeks
Which of the following statement is correct? A passive drain
a. Is always a single exit drain?
b. Can only be used as double exit drain
c. Is mostly used for flushing
d. Is more effective with a compression bandage on it
D) Is more effective with a compression bandage on it
Which breed is congenital laryngeal paralysis common?
Husky
Which of the following conditions is the rhinotomy not the primarily indicated therapy?
adenocarcinoma
Where do we measure blood glucose in cats?
Ear vein or paw pad
Which answer is wrong? Benefits of a 3-way stopcock
It is harder for the animal to pull out the catheter from the vein
Which parameter is most specific for DIC?
a. fibrinogen
b. APTT
c. PTT
d. FDP
Fibrinogen
What are not typical symptom for a riding thrombus in cats?
a. paralysis of the hindlimbs
b. loud (painful) vocalization
c. dyspnoe
d. loss of femoral pulse
Dyspnoea
What is the most reliable method of diagnosis for pneumothorax?
a. x-rays
b. physical exam
c. ultrasound
d. thoracoscopy
Thorascopy
Electrosurgery. Choose the incorrect statement:
a. In monopolar systems, a large surface return electrode should be placed on the
patient’s body;
b. In monopolar systems the return electrode can cause burn wounds in the patient in case of
small contact area.
c. In forceps-like bipolar systems there is no need for a large sized recurrent electrode.
d. The efficiency and safety of monopolar systems is better.
d. The efficiency and safety of monopolar systems is better.
In case of PPDH, the dislocation of which abdominal organ is NOT common?
a. spleen
b. omentum
c. liver
d. small intestines
spleen
What can we conclude from the speed of flow during Doppler echocardiography?
a. the MAP
b. the direction of flow
c. the pressure difference between the heart chambers
d. the character of flow (laminal or turbulent)
The pressure difference between the heart chambers
Which part of the stomach is usually dislocated in case of sliding (axial) hiatal hernia?
a. cardia
b. fundus
c. corpus
d. antrum pylori
cardia
What lesions are expected in severe endocardiosis?
a. left ventricular hypertrophy
b. right ventricular hypertrophy
c. left heart distension
d. right heart distension
left heart distension
What lesions are expected in severe dilated cardiomyopathy?
a. left ventricular hypertrophy
b. right ventricular hypertrophy
c. left heart distension
d. right heart distension
Left heart distension/dilation
What changes do you expect to find in case of severe mitral valve diseases (MMVD)?
Left ventricular dilation
What lesion is expected in severe pulmonary stenosis?
a. left ventricular hypertrophy
b. right ventricular hypertrophy
c. left heart distension
d. right heart distension
RV concentric hypertrophy
What lesions are expected in severe aortic stenosis?
a. left ventricular hypertrophy
b. right ventricular hypertrophy
c. left heart distension
d. right heart distension
LV hypertrophy
Which one is a congenital pericardial disease?
a. PPDH
b. PPHD
c. PHPD
d. PDHP
PPDH (Peritoneopericardial hernia )
Which step is incorrect in a patient suffering from ventricular arrhythmia after ECG:
a. blood analysis, abdominal US
b. c-troponin-I measurement
c. digoxin administration
d. echocardiography
Digoxin administration
Which organ is the source of MDF?
a. liver
b. lung
c. GI tract
d. pancreas
pancreas
What is MDF
Myocardia depressant factor; Mediator during shock that reduced the heart
contractility, constricting splanchnic arteries & impairing phagocytosis. Survival can
be improved by blocking this by using glucocorticoids, lidocaine or prostaglandins
What treatment should be given to a dog with B1 level mitral endocardiosis?
ACE inhibitor (enalapril); Reduce salt in diet; Regular BP measurement
What treatment should be given to a dog with B2 level mitral endocardiosis?
a. ACE-I
b. pimobendan
c. furosemide
d. none of the above
Pimobendan
What treatment should be given to a dog with C/D level mitral endocardiosis?
Supplemental oxygen; Furosemide; Pimobendan; Amlodipine
Choose the incorrect answer:
a. during surgical scrubbing, the hands should be higher than the elbow.
b. during autoclave all pathogen microbes are destroyed, but non-pathogenic microbes can
remain on the surface of instruments.
c. the sterile instruments of which the packages are soaked should not be used.
d. in the surgery room, a sterile person should not let their hand hang lower than the operating
table.
B) during autoclave all pathogen microbes are destroyed, but non pathogenic microbes can remain on the surface of the instruments
Which are parts of the pathological remodelling of the heart?
Which is not part of the pathological remodeling of the heart?
a. MHC receptor formation on the membranes of myocardial cells
b. the macroscopic transformation of the heart (dilation, hypertrophy)
c. change of the myocardial cell function (contractility, arrhythmias)
d. change in the myocardial cell connections
d. change in the myocardial cell connections
Which condition leads to the shift of cardiac dullness?
a. pulmonary oedema
b. pulmonary fibrosis
c. space occupying structure in the mediastinum
d. pleural effusion
c. space occupying structure in the mediastinum
After physical & auxiliary examination, we diagnose mitral endocardiosis, but the
typical symptoms are not present yet. Which stage can we put the patient in?
a. AHA-A
b. AHA-B
c. AHA-C
d. AHA-D
AHA- B
Pimobendan is…
a. an ACE-inhibitor
b. Ca channel sensitizer and phosphodiesterase inhibitor
c. bipyridine-derivate
d. Ca channel sensitizer and alpha-adrenergic blocker
Ca channel sensitiser & phosphodiesterase inhibitor (decreases the preload;
Vasodilator; Venodilator)