Poultry Images Flashcards
1
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A
- Penguin stance, sharp line around keel bone, sunken in, concave, around the breast, underweight
2
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A
- Loose crop due to - firm = impaction, stasis, candidiasis (sour crop)
- (Distended crop, seen in broilers, overfed)
3
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A
- Thickened intestines w/ tumours in coelom -> SOL -> 2y D+
4
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A
- Wet litter - poor environmental ventilation -> enteritis
- Intestinal + caecal diarrhoea
5
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A
- Normal faeces
6
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- Orange faeces = inflam reaction in intestine
7
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A
- Blood, haematochezia, melaena in faeces
8
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A
- Enteric/caecal content in faeces = fermentation
9
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A
- Wheat - whole seeds, poor digestion, rapid transit (fed corn in US)
- Birds adapted for rapid digestion for flight (GIT too heavy - contains food + water)
- Maximise digestion w/ shorter intestine, less material inside - have retroperistalsis + peristalsis
10
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A
- Trichomonas - Canker (motile protozoa)
11
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- Gizzard ulceration - fibrous yellow layer to protect for grit/stones, if not present -> ulceration
- Adenovirus, Mycotoxins
12
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A
- Coccidiosis - Eimeria protozoa
13
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A
- Coccidiosis - Eimeria acervulina
- Transverse
- White bands of oocysts in upper intestine
- Pot precursor to necrotic enteritis
14
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A
- Coccidiosis - Eimeria maxima
- Thickened middle intestinal walls, mucous/blood-tinged exudates, blood spots on intestinal wall
- Pot precursor to necrotic enteritis
15
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A
- Coccidiosis - Eimeria tenella
- Quick onset, bleeding into lumen of caeca
- White mucosa
- Caecal cores of clotted blood
16
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A
- Coccidiosis - Eimeria necatrix
- Ballooning middle intestine
- White open circles of schizonts
- Blood sports on middle intestinal wall, mucous/blood-filled exudate
- Longer-lived flocks - longer lifecycle
17
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A
- Coccidiosis - Eimeria brunetti
- Mucous, blood spots in vertical bands across rectum
18
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A
- E. acervulina
- Duodenum
19
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- E. maxima
- +/- Meckel’s diverticulum
20
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- E. tenella
- Caeca
21
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- E. necatrix
- Jejunum + ileum
22
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- Unsporulated coccidia oocyst - shed in
23
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A
24
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A
- Coccidiosis - sporozoites released + invade gut cells
25
- Necrotic enteritis - clostridium perfringens
- Severe necrosis of mucosa
26
- Histomoniasis (Blackhead)
- Sudden death
- Motile protozoa form earthworm - buries through caecal wall -> bloodstream -> acute liver disease (necrotic lumps)
- Top = liver - necrosis + ulcerations
- Bottom = caecum
27
- Spironucleosis - motile protozoa -> 2y enteritis
28
- Heterakis gallinarum - caecal worm
- Transports Histomoniasis
29
Ascaridia sp. (roundworm)
30
- Egg bound - salpingitis
- Pus in oviduct/uterus
- Acute = liquid pus
- Chronic = solid pus
- Penguin stance - enlarged coelom
31
- Peritonitis
- Abdo distension
- Penguin stance
32
- Histomoniasis - tumours on liver
33
- Bacterial hepatitis (liver disease)
34
- H+ in liver
35
- Colibacillosis
- E. coli
- Generalised septicaemia
- Polyserositis - white around liver
36
- Visceral gout
37
- Marek's disease
- Tumours on liver
38
- Infectious laryngeal tracheitis
- Severe H+ + sloughing off of trachea
- Die from asphyxiation - blood, mucous + necrotic cells block airqays
39
- Nodules of Aspergillosis around liver, proventriculus + heart PME
40
- Synagmus trachea - tracheal Y-shaped gapeworm
- Blocks airway
41
- Marek's disease (MDV) - herpes virus
- Paralysis - leg extended + toe curling
- Sciatic n. affected
42
- Marek's disease - nodules on gizzard
43
- Bacterial meningitis
- Enterococcus, E. coli
44
- Avian encephalomyelitis (AE)
- Epidemic tremors
45
- Spinal osteomyelitis - inflam of spine -> pressure on SC -> neuro signs
- Enterococcus spp., E. coli, Staph aureus
46
- Scoliosis - spinal compression-> leg ataxia/paralysis
- Common in brooders
47
- Normal bursa of Fabricius
48
- 1). Swollen + shiny bursa of Fabricius
- 2). Haemorrhagic bursa
- Infectious bursal disease (IBD, Gumboro)
49
- Hisopath of atrophied bursa of Fabricius (IBD)
50
- Chicken anaemia (CAV) - circovirus
- PCV < 10%
- Immunosuppression - atrophy or thymus + bursa
51
- Chicken infectious anaemia - blue wing disease - subcut H+ on wingtip
52
- Redmite -> anaemia
53
- Anaemia - redmite
- Pruritic feather loss
- Pale combs + wattles
54
- Redmite -> anaemia
- Red = sucked blood
- Black = male (don't suck blood)
- Silver = debris waste from mites
55
- Pseudmonas spp.
- P. aeruginosa
- MacConkey agar gone greeny-yellow
56
- Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
57
- Enterococcus spp. (E. faecalis, E. faecium + E. hirae)
58
- Staphylococcus spp. (S. aureus)
59
- E.coli
- MacConkey -> pink
60
- Pasteurella multocida
- From soil
61
- Lice
62
- Scaly leg mite
63
- Redmite
64
- Northern fowl mite
65
- Redmite
66
Lice
67
- Heterakis gallinarum worm - caecum
68
- Pasteurella multocida (Fowl cholera)
- Exudate on lungs
- Pin-point haemorrhages
69
- Erysipelosis
- Septicaemic signs
70
- Marek's disease virus - nodular tumours in liver
71
- Trichomonas (Canker) - in oral cavity
72
- Tapeworm infestation
73
- Pododermatitis - cut wounds -> infection
74
- Lice in nest - lay eggs
(Moulting seen may be due to when not enough access to feed, conserve energy, less energy used to maintain feathers)
75
Tenosynovitis/purulent arthritis - lame
76
Superficial dermatitis carcase - reject leg + trim off
77
R-sided HF ascites carcase- quality parameter, rejected
78
Chronic heptatitis -> hepatomegaly related to previous cholagionhepatitis/clostrridum perfringens infection
79
Anaemic carcase
80
Congested carcase
81
Emacitated carcases
82
Subcutaneous celullitis (crispy)
83
Curled-toe paralysis in chick due to Riboflavin deficiency (Vit B2)
84
- Abnormal masses of prehypertrophic cartilage occupy entire metaphysis + disrupting blood supply
- No distinct border present between proliferating + hypertrophic cartilage
- Nutritional tibial dyschondroplasia -> limb deformities
85
Rickets
86
Tibial dyschondroplasia
87
- Urate deposits – articular gout
- If starve of water
88
Normal joint – only see the cartilage pulled out of socket, once dislocate femur
89
Articular gout – urate deposits, variable levels
90
Tendon rupture
91
Angular limb deformities – meant to be straight
92
Fat around head of femur – normal joint, cartilage only pulled off
93
Scoliosis
94
- Right = normal
- Left = Rickets
95
- Kiel bone – common in laying hens
- Hypovitaminosis D – not enough to metabolise PO4^3
- Hypocalcaemia
- Hypophosphatemia
96
- Colibacillosis
- E.coli
- Polyserositis
97
Aspergillus fumigatus - spores in lungs + airsacs
98
- Aspergillosis
- Severe granulomatous fungal pneumonia
- Firm white-yellow fungal granulomas, diffuse spread throughout lungs
99
Aspergillosis Dx under microscope, presence of mould
100
Cellulitis - seen w/ colibacillosis
101
IBV - wrinkled eggs
102
IBV - airsacculitis
103
IBV, trachea - excessive amount of mucus
104
ILT - broiler chickens coughing bloody exudate + gasping for air (severe disease)
105
ILT - moderate conjunctivitis in broiler
106
ILT - mild conjunctivitis, broiler
107
ILT - severe haemorrhagic tracheitis w/ mucus in broiler
108
ILT - mild haemorrhagic tracheitis in broiler
109
Mycoplasma gallisepticum - turkey
110
Mycoplasma gallisepticum, chicken
111
Mycoplasma gallisepticum, acute air sacculitis, chicken
112
Fowl cholera (P. multocida), consolidated lung, in turkey = purulent pneumonia
113
Fowl cholera (P. multocida), swollen wattles, broiler
114
Avibacterium paragallinarum (infectious coryza)
115
Avibacterium paragallinarum (infectious coryza) - blood agar
116
Avibacterium paragallinarum (infectious coryza), facial swelling, hen
116
Avibacterium paragallinarum (infectious coryza), hispopathologic findings: greyish, semifluid exudate - may be consolidated, oedema, hyperplasia + erosion of respiratory mucosal + glandular epithelia, infiltration of heterophils, macrophages + mast cells
117
MDV - peripheral nerve enlargement
118
MDV - skin involvement, skin leucosis of chicken
119
MDV - eye involvement (infection), chicken
120
Histomoniasis (Blackhead) - necrotic liver lesions
121
Bacteriology
122
Visceral gout
123
Articular gout
124
Histomoniasis - give oregano extract
125
Does the bird have Canker (Trichomoniasis)?
No, images shows normal oropharynx - no plaques visible
126
Ivermectin spot-on due to heavy burden
127
Amoxicillin
128
Normal
129
Osteomyelitis
130
Scoliosis
131
Angular limb deformity
132
Tibial dyschondroplasia - uneven cartilaginous 'plug' inside tibia, long bones failed to mineralise during growth but the growth plate above is even + narrow
133
Bacteriology of liver - hepatomegaly evident due to infection/inflam
134
Ascites
135
Enterococcus spp.
136
Intestinal torsion
137
Adenovirus
138
Ulcerative colitis
139
Inactivated vaccination - needle has gone straight through breast muscle + can see its entry point into the coelom through the sternum + into liver -> hepatic bleeding + death
