Poultry Common Diseases Flashcards

Question

Other poultry - GI

Answer 1

Ducks + geese don't have crops - Trichomonas (pets) - Crop impaction - turkey - Ingluvitis - Candida albicans - Parasitic gastroenteritis - Spironucleosis - game - Histomoniasis - Blackhead - Enteritis - Rotavirus - Haemorrhagic enteritis virus - turkeys

Answer 2

- Bacterial hepatitis - 2y to bacterial translocation from gut/yolk sac/resp -> septicaemia

Answer 3

- Bacterial hepatitis - 2y to bacterial translocation from gut/resp -> septicaemia - Inclusion body hepatitis - Metabolic hypoglycaemia

Answer 4

- Histomoniasis - Blackhead - Bacterial hepatitis - Erysipelas, Pasteruellosis - Spotty liver syndrome

Answer 5

- Histomoniasis - Blackhead - Bacterial hepatitis - Erysipelas, Pasteurellosis

Answer 6

- Infection/septicaemia - omphalitis, yolk sac infection, colibaccillosis

Answer 7

- Infection/septicaemia - colibaccillosis - Immunosuppression - infectious bursal disease (IBD)/Gumboro - Metabolic hypoglycaemia (sudden death)

Answer 8

- Infection/septicaemia - E. coli (egg) peritonitis, Erysipelas, Pasteurellosis - Redmite - Marek's disease - immunosuppression, tumours + wasting - Rodenticide poisoning -> clotting disorders + haemorrhages (pets)

Answer 9

- Infection/septicaemia - E. coli septicaemia, erysipelas, pasteurellosis - Riemerella - ducks

Answer 10

- Environmental ammonia - Foodborne mycotoxins - Suboptimal nutrition - Infectious bursal disease (IBD) - Chicken infectious anemia (CIA) - Marek's disease (MD) - Some reoviruses - Enteric parvoviruses - Hemorrhagic enteritis virus of turkeys - Virulent fowl adenoviruses - Newcastle disease can damage lymphoid tissues and macrophages. - Avian pneumovirus infections impair the mucociliary functions of the upper respiratory tract and augment deeper bacterial infections

Answer 11

- Hypocalcaemia - Hypoglycaemia / metabolic syndrome - Egg bound - Calcium tetany

Answer 12

- Scratches -> cellulitis

Answer 13

- Feather loss/inappropriate moulting - nutritional, stress, environmental, cannibalism, parasites - Lices (pets) - Northern fowl mite (pets) - Redmite

Answer 14

- E. coli - Enterococcus spp. (E. faecalis, E. faecium, E. hirae) - Staphyloccus spp. (S. aureus) - Pastuerella multocida - Erysipelothrix rhuusiopathiae - Pseudomonas spp. (P. aeruginosa) - 2y pathogen

Answer 15

- Mycoplasma gallisepticum - Mycoplasma synoviae - Infectious bronchitis virus

Answer 16

- 1). Respiratory disease - stained feathers above nares, blocked nasal passage (rhinolith), irritation/ scratching/rubbing head - Persistent conjunctivitis, periocular oedema - Sneezing, snicking, coughing, dyspnoea - 2). Gastrointestinal disease - inappetant, lethargic and fluffed up, crop disease (retching or abnormal crop) - 3). Ectoparasites - 4). Worms - 5). Egg related - 6). Lameness - 7). Mortality

Answer 17

Bacterial infections - Mycoplasma gallisepticum (infroaorbital swelling and caseous discharge) - Avibacterium paragallinarum (infectious coryza) (infraorbital swelling and serous ocular discharge) - E.coli (not usually associated with infraorbital swelling) - Pasteurella multocida (not usually associated with infraorbital swelling) - Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococci sp. (often secondary invaders rather than a primary cause) - Avian tuberculosis - Poor ventilation with excess dust (further questioning) - Ammonia blindness (causes corneal ulceration so test with Fluorescein) Viral infections - Avian Influenza (not common) - Avian metapneumovirus (infraorbital swelling not usually a feature, froth in the eye is) - Avian pox - Infectious bronchitis, IB, (not usually associated with infraorbital swelling) - Infectious laryngotracheitis, ILT, (serous discharge or haemorrhagic discharge, not usually associated with infraorbital swelling) Yeast and fungal infections - Candida albicans - Aspergillus fumigatus Protozoal infections - Trichomonas gallinae

Answer 18

- Peritonitis - inflammation of peritoneum usually due to E.coli infection - Salpingitis (usually associated with poor body condition) - inflammation of the salpinx i.e. pus in the oviduct and uterus, starts as fluid pus then solidifies into a solid ball of pus and remains in the oviduct, getting bigger and bigger Sometimes birds pass a “lash” egg i.e. a pus ball. - Histomoniasis/Blackhead – hepatitis, hepatomegaly & typhlitis with caecal cores - Coccidiosis in young birds – haemorrhagic diarrhoea - Fatty Liver Haemorrhagic Syndrome – diarrhoea and hepatomegaly, review diet and appetite, evidence on a blood biochemistry profile. - Clostridial diseases – (necrotic) enteritis, heptatitis, ulcerative enteritis causing diarrhoea - Marek’s disease

Answer 19

- Infectious - purulent arthritis, reovirus tenosynovitis, Marek's disease virus (affects bone + nerves) - Trauma - mating damage (pelvic nerve damage, no inflam), Fx, predator attack (skin m+ muscle trauma) - Nutritional - hypocalcaemia (failure to feed layer ration + egg laying) - metabolising bone Ca, ruptured gastrocenmius tendon (marked swelling + thickening of tendon above hock)

Answer 20

- Egg peritonitis/salpingitis - Red mite infestation causing severe anaemia - Histomoniasis/Blackhead (protozoa) - Pasturella multocida (Fowl Cholera) - Erysipelosis - Fatty Liver Haemorrhagic Syndrome - Newcastle disease/Avian influenza

Answer 21

- Mycoplasmosis - remain PI for life - Presentation - tracheal eales

Answer 22

- Flock signs - signs in birds sharing housing = behaviour - Unresponsive, quiet birds, unwell, don’t want to come out and engage as usual. Don’t come for treats as usual. - Sitting around, - Fluffed up. They may rally temporarily, but will soon tire. - Huddling with each other or against coop furniture/equipment like in nests or around drinkers. - Unexpected deaths, with other birds looking unwell. - Bird signs typical with notifiable disease: - Neurological signs – severe e.g. shaking, twitching, struggling to balance or just falling asleep & head nodding. - Twisted heads or necks leaving birds looking up at the sky or sideways. - Swollen, bruised appearance to heads. Facial feathers may stick up in swollen areas. - Weak, unable to remain standing for long. Look drunk and may struggle to control their wings. - Shivering, actually tremors as birds don’t shiver when they are cold - Coughing sneezing or gaping, esp. in birds recently wormed for gapeworm - Focal facial swelling e.g. around the eyes. - Bruising or blood spots of the leg, neck or chest. Check in between the feathers. - Signs are species-dependent and can occur - Reduction in laying in combination - Lethargy - Diarrhoea – dark or excessively watery faeces - Bird signs typical with common diseases in hens. Individual birds with these symptoms, in an otherwise well flock are very unlikely to be affected by Highly pathogenic AI.

Answer 23

Articular gout

Answer 24

- Articular gout - Rickets (hypoCa/hypoP) - Limb deformities (angular/rotational) = 2y to dietary problem - Tibial dyschondroplasia

Answer 25

Articular gout

Answer 26

- Rickets - ducks