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Cognitie > Portal > Flashcards

Portal Flashcards

1
Q

The Human Auditory System is capable

A

of detecting changes in air pressure ranging from around 0.00002-100 Pascals

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2
Q

Pure Tones have

A

sinusoid waveforms when pressure is plotted against time

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3
Q

Fundamental Frequency most critically determines

A

the perceived pitch

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4
Q

Region A1 of the brain

A

is located in Heschel’s gyrus of the temporal lobes

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5
Q

Belt Region

A

secondary auditory cortex

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6
Q

Tonotopic Organization

A

orderly mapping between cortical position and sound frequencyW

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7
Q

Which nucleus projects to primary auditory cortex along the thahlamo-cortical route

A

Medial Geniculate

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8
Q

Belin et al. Which part of the brain may encode speaker identity from voices

A

Superior Temporal Sulcus

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9
Q

De spatiële Cue-ing taak van Posner is een voorbeeld van

A

Exogene oriëntatie (aandacht wordt extern gedreven door stimulus)

Endogene oriëntatie komt voor wanneer oriëntatie/aandacht wordt gestuurd door persoon zelf

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10
Q

Facililtation (lagere reactietijd, no cue)

A

Inhibition of return (reactietijd neemt toe wanneer de target later verschijnt)

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10
Q

Posner vergelijkt aandaccht met spotlight

A

Spatiële aandacht kans slechts naar 1 plaats tegelijk worden gericht

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11
Q

Change blindness

A

Fenomeen waarbij we veranderingen in het gezichtsveld niet opmerken
- pariëtalle hersengebieden betrokken
- heeft dus te maken met beperkingen van het aandachtssysteem en niet viesie (pariëtale gebieden liggen buiten het centrale visuele systeem)

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12
Q

Inattentional Blindness

A

men is niet bewust van een volledig zichtbare visuele stimulus omdat aandacht ergens anders is

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13
Q

Pseudoneglect

A

mensen hebben lichte neiging om de rechterzijen om hen heen te negeren en meer aandacht te hebben voor de linkerzijde (rechter pariëtaal kwab heeft dominantere rol in spatiële aandacht)

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14
Q

Hemispatieel Neglect

A

Likerkant genegeerd onderschat

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15
Q

Neglect meten

A

kopieer/natekentaak
tekentest (drawing)
lijn-bisectietaak
wegstreeptaak (cancellation)

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16
Q

Peripersoonlijke ruimte

A

onder armlengte (reiken/grijpen)

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17
Q

Extra Persoonlijke ruimte

A

buiten armlengte (oriëntatie + navigatie)Sensory map

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18
Q

coded to the position of eye gaze

A

retinocentric space

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19
Q

Inhibition of return

A

slower reaction times when going back to a previously attended location

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20
Q

Attentional Blink

A

Inability to report a target stimulus if it appears soon after another target stimulus

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21
Q

Neurons in the laterall parietal (LIP) area

A

respond to unexpected stimuli and stimuli that are task-relevant

22
Q

Biased Competition Model (Desimone + Duncan)

A

Serial processing emerges at motor stages

23
Q

Covert Orienting

A

prepared but not executed action plan (e.g. Saccade)

24
Q

Neglect

A

associated with right inferior parietal lobe

25
Q

Corbetta + Schulman

A

right temporo-parietal region = circuitbreaker

26
Q

Optiche ataxie

A

niet in staat om te grijpen
- wordt veroorzaakt door schade aan de occipitopariëtal junction (onderdeel dorsale route)
- failure to integrate visual + motor

27
Q

Visuele agnosie

A

object niet herkennen, slechts losse elementen zien

28
Q

perseveratie

A

blijven herhalen van een actie die niet meer relevant is

29
Q

Frontale Apraxia

A

actie-disorganisatie syndroom
- falen in het uitvoeren van routine taken die bestaan uit verschillende subdoelen, waarbij er geen tekortkoming in object herkenning is

30
Q

Utilization behaviour

A

impullsief gedrag tov objecten in de omgeving

31
Q

Dorsaal WHERE - occipitaal naar pariëtaal

A

Ventraal What - occipitaal naar temporaal

32
Q

Changes in basal ganglia motor circuit with Parkinsons

A

increasing output of the indirect pathway and decreasing the output on the direct pathway

33
Q

Lateral Premotor cortex is associated with acting with objects in the environment

A
34
Q

Contention Scheduling

A

specific mechanism thought to be responsible for selecting a particular schema to be enacted in the SAS model

35
Q

Human Analogue of Monkey Area F5

A

Broca’s Area

36
Q

Neurons in the Anterior Intraparrietal Area

A

code action-relevant properties of objects (specific shapes, sizes and orientations)

37
Q

Modal Model (atkinson + shifrin)

A

divides memory into short-lived registers, general purpose short-term store and long-term memory

37
Q

Silently mouthing irrelevant words while performing a memory task impairs the articulatory Loopp

A

Baddeley

38
Q

Long-terrm potentiation represents an increase

A

in the responsiveness of post-synaptic neurons

39
Q

Dorsolateral Prefrontal region

A

active manipulation/monitoring

40
Q

Damage to orbitofrontal cortex

A
  • socially disadvantageous behavior
  • perrform well on other executive functioning
41
Q

Sociopathy

A

anti-social personality disorder

42
Q

test moving beads (tower of london)

A
43
Q

According Goldman-Rakic working memory model

A

prefrontal activity provides a mechnism for refreshing information stored in posterior regions

44
Q

Multiple Demand Network

A

Duncan

45
Q

Prefrontal neurons respond to task rules

A

miller +cohen

46
Q

Repetitive TMS over left DLPFC results in

A

less random and more familiar sequencesmo

47
Q

itoring-related activity reflects

A

level of confidence

48
Q

Aron

A

right ventrolateral prefrontal region relates to inhibition

49
Q

Left prefrontal cortex

A

executive function task setting

50
Q

Human connectomics

A

there are more synaptic connections then there are DNA bases in the genome

51
Q

broadbent bo-and-arrow

A

perception-attention-shortterm memory

52
Q

Theory of Modularity by Fodor

A

Cognitie (19 decks)

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