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biology 1204 > Porifera > Flashcards

Porifera Flashcards

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1
Q

What are Porifera known as? What does this mean?

A

Cellular grade organization = no true tissue

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2
Q

What symmetry are Porifera?

A

Asymmetrical or radial symmetry

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3
Q

What usually are Porifera cells? What does this mean?

A

Totipotent = immature or stem cell which give rise to other types of cells

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4
Q

What cells do Porifera have? 2 names

A

Choanocytes = collar cells

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5
Q

Explain the feeding habits between adults and larvae Porifera

A 
Adults = sessile suspension feeders 
Larvae = mobile
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6
Q

Explain the outer and inner layers of the Porifera

A

Both lack basement membrane

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7
Q

Explain the middle layer of Porifera

A

Mesohyl = is variable but always has motile cells and some skeletal material

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8
Q

What are the 2 types of skeletal material in the middle layer of Porifera?

A

1- calcium carbonate

2- silicon dioxide and/or collagen fibers

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9
Q

Describe how water moves through a Porifera

A

Water moves through epidermis into spongocoel, passes over collar cells/choanocytes and out through osculum

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10
Q

What are archaeocyte cells of Porifera?

A

Wandering amoeboid cells that differentiate into specialize cells when necessary

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11
Q

What are the 2 types of cells that archaeocyte can differentiate into?

A

1- sclerocyte cells = spicules (calcareous or siliceous)

2- spongocytes cells = spongin (collagenous protein)

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12
Q

What other cells do archaeocytes develop into?

A

Give rise to sperm and egg cells

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13
Q

Explain the sponge structure of a Porifera

A

3 levels of increased complexity occur through high degree of everting of the choanocyte layer away from the spongocoel

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14
Q

What are the 3 levels of the sponge structure of a Porifera?

A

1- asconoid
2- syconoid
3- leuconoid (most sponges)

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15
Q

What is an example of a sponge that is 1 of the 3 levels for it’s sponge structure? What is special about it?

A

Bath sponge = leuconoid

Skeleton is made of a soft protein called spongi rather than calcium

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16
Q

What is the subphylum of Porifera?

A

Cellularia

17
Q

What does that subphylum Cellularia have?

A

All posses distinct choanocytes

18
Q

What are the 2 class of the subphylum Cellularia?

A

1- Desmospongiae

2- Calcarea

19
Q

What types of sponge structure level are the class Desmospongiae?

A

All leuconoid

20
Q

What do archaeocyte cell change into for the class Desmospongiae?

A

Silica spicules (sclerocyte cells) and/or spongin support elements (spongocyte cells)

21
Q

What are the 5 families to know fo the class Desmospongiae?

A 
1- Clionidae
2- Spongiidae
3- Haliclona
4- Spongillidae
5- Cladorhizidae
22
Q

What is an example of the family Clionidae of the class Desmospongiae?

A

Cliona boring sponges

23
Q

What does chemicals release from the the family Clionidae of the class Desmospongiae do? What happens? (Reef)

A

Dissolve calcareous material = chips fall to seafloor = 40% of reef sediment in some places are made this way

24
Q

What are the Porifera of the family Spongiidae of the class Desmospongiae? 2 examples

A

Commercial sponges
1- Spongia
2- Hippospongia

25
Q

What’s an example of the family Haliclona of the class Desmospongiae? Where are they found?

A

Haliclona - shallow waters

26
Q

What’s an example of the family Spongilla of the class Desmospongiae? Where are they found?

A

Spongilla - freshwater

27
Q

What’s an example of the family Cladorhizidae of the class Desmospongiae? Where are they found?

A

Cladorhiza - deep sea

28
Q

What is different about the family Cladorhizidae of the class Desmospongiae? (Lack x2, eat)

A

Lack choanocytes and water canal system

Probably carnivorous on small crustaceans

29
Q

Explain the class Calcarea (found, archaeocytes, sponge structure)

A

All marine
Spicules of CaCO3 (sclerocyte cells)
Asconoid/syconoid/leuconoid levels

30
Q

What is one family to know for the class Calcarea?

A

Grantidae

31
Q

What’s an example of the family Grantidae of the class Calcarea? Where are they found?

A

Grantia (aka Scypha) - all marine intertidal to 2200m

biology 1204 (14 decks)

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