Point Mutations

Question 1

Define Silent Mutation

Answer 1

A subsititution mutation that doesnt alter the amino acid being coded, it will still code for the same amino acid.

Question 2

Define Missense Mutation

Answer 2

A subsitituition mutation that alters the amino acid being coded, results in slightly altered but functional protein. Could be made harmful or benefical.

Question 3

Non Sense Mutation

Answer 3

A substitution mutation that deletes a start signal or a has a premature stop. Cannot make functional protein.

Question 4

Define Insertion

Answer 4

When a base is inserted in between an already existing two base pair.

Question 5

Define Deletion

Answer 5

A base is deleted from the DNA sequence

Question 6

What happens if DNA is altered?

Answer 6

MRNA is affected which affects the amino acid sequence. Usually results in a non sense mutation.

Question 7

Will the mutation continue if it occurs?

Answer 7

Yes a mutation occurs everytime the cell divides whether thats mitosis or meiosis.

Question 8

Two causes of mutations

Answer 8

Spontaneous Mutation and Induced Mutations

Question 9

Define Spontaneous Mutation

Answer 9

When a nitrogen base is substuited for another

Question 10

Define Induced Mutation

Answer 10

Caused by mutagents (xrays, uv rays…)