Pleural cavity

Question 1

what is the space between the lungs called

Answer 1

medistinum

Question 2

what are the two lung pleura and what do they line

Answer 2

Visceral pleura- lines lungs

Parietal pleura- lines thoracic walls

Question 3

parts of the parietal pleura (4)

Answer 3

Costal part, cervical pleura, mediastinal part, diaphragmatic part

Question 4

what is the costal pleura attached to the thoracic wall by and what innervates it

Answer 4

inn: intercostal nerve

attached to wall by endothoracic fascia

Question 5

which part of the parietal pleura is continous with the visceral pleura

Answer 5

mediastinal at the root of the lung

Question 6

what inn the medial and lat part of cervical pleura

Answer 6

med: phrenic nerve

lat- 1st intercostal n

Question 7

What parts of the parietal pleura are inn by the phrenic nerve and where would pain present on the dermatomes (3)

Answer 7

Mediastinal
Diaphragmic
med half of cervical

C5 dermatome, shoulder region

Question 8

how far does the costomediastinal recess go down on the right and the left

Answer 8

Right- down to rib 4 (becuase of cardiac notch)

left- down to rib 6

Question 9

Where does the costodiphragmatic recess start and rib levels (at mid axial and mid scap)

Answer 9

at rib 6 it starts (right after costomediastinal recess) and descends laterally where it relates to rib 10 at mid axial and ends around rib 12 at scapular line

Question 10

what artery and vein supply costal and mediastinal pleura

Answer 10

costal–> intercostal aa and veins

Mediastinal–> pericardinal phrenic artery and vein

Question 11

right lung fissures and lobes

Left lung fissures and lobes

Answer 11

R-3 lobes= sup, mid, inf (oblique and horizontal fissure)

L-2 lobes= sup and inf (just oblique fissure between)

Question 12

Contents of hilum of right lung and orientation

Answer 12

Bronchus- most post
R pulmonary aa- has sup and inf portion, just ant to bronchus
Pulnoary v- sup is ant to bronchus and inf is just inf to bronchus

Question 13

Contents of hilum of left lung and orientation

Answer 13

Bronchus- central pos
pul aa- most sup
pul v- sup is ant to bronchus and inf is inf

Question 14

what grooves/impressions does the right lung have (7)

Answer 14

• groove for sup vena cava
• groove for brachiocephalic v
• groove for arch of azygos
• groove for esophagus
• cardiac impression (produced by right antrum)**

Question 15

What grooves/impressions does left lung have (4)

Answer 15

groove for decending aorta
groove for arch of aorta
groove for left subclavian artery
cardiac impression

Question 16

what do the main bronchus split up into on each lung

Answer 16

R- splits to 3 lobar bronchus ( sup, mid, inf)

L- splits to 2 lobar bronchus ( sup and inf)

Question 17

after the lobar bronchi what does it split up into and how many are there

Answer 17

segmental bronchi which there are 10 of in each lung

Question 18

what is the end of the conducting system in the tracheobronchial tree

Answer 18

Terminal bronchiole

Question 19

which pulmonary aa is longer and what does it pass underneath (and what level does r and left branch)

Answer 19

right is longer as it has to pass under arch of aorta

-branches at sternal angle

Question 20

what aa supply the r broncus

Answer 20

bronchial artery from interocstal aa on right and thoracic aorta

Question 21

what drains the bronchiole veins on right and left

Answer 21

azygous on left and hemiazygous on right (to sup vca)

Question 22

what does the superficial + deep lymphatic plexus drain into

Answer 22

sup-bronchopulmonary lymph nodes

deep- peribronchiolar –> bronchopulmonary

Question 23

path of lymph after bronchopulmonary lymph nodes

Answer 23

sup and inf tracheobronchial nodes
trancheomediastinal nodes
right and left lymphatic duct

Question 24

overall auto inn of lungs is from (and sympathetic and parasympathetic)

Answer 24

pulmonary nerve plexus

sympathetic-> cardiopulmonary splanchnic n (t1-5)
para–> vagus

Question 25

What does sympathetic and parasympathetic inn cause in teh lungs

Answer 25

symp- bronchodialation , constriction of pumonary vessels

para- bronchioconstric, mucus secretion and dialation of pulmoary vessels

Question 26

what is a pneumothorax and hemothroax

Answer 26

pneumo- pen of thoracic wall which will cause lung to collapse

Hemo- intercostal v and aa will be damaged and cause blood to accumulate in costodiaphragmatic recess