Abdominal Viscera

Question 1

where is the bare area of the liver located

Answer 1

bw coronary ligs

Question 2

what grooves does the right parisagital groove of the liver have (2)

Answer 2

1. Groove for vena cava

2. Groove for gall bladder

Question 3

What attaches to the left parasagittal groove (2)

Answer 3

1. attachment of lesser omentum

2. Attachment of round lig + falciform lig

Question 4

What does the horizonatal lig of the liver surround

Answer 4

represents area of portal triad

Question 5

what are the 4 lobes on the visceral surface of the liver

Answer 5

R, L, Quadrate and caudate

Question 6

what are the 3 components of the portal triad

Answer 6

1. hepatic a
2. portal vein
3. bile duct

will travel together and branch at the lobule

Question 7

how is the billary tract formed

Answer 7

R+ L hepatic ducts form common hepatic duct and meet at bile duct with cystic duct from gallbladder

Question 8

What does the bile duct meet with and where does that open

Answer 8

meets with pancreatic duct and empties thru hepatopancreatic ampulla which opens at 2nd portion of duodenum

Question 9

what obstruction is jaundice indicative of

Answer 9

indicative of obstruction of bile duct

Question 10

what is portal hypertension due to

Answer 10

increased pressure in portal vein due to liver cirrhosis

Question 11

Where is the spleen located (rib lvl)

Answer 11

located at left side of supra colic compartment (@ 10th rib)

Question 12

What are the 3 visceral surfaces of the spleen and how do they relate in space

Answer 12

Gastric anteriorly
colic inf
renal posteriorly

Question 13

Where will a splenic rupture refer pain

Answer 13

blood will pool into peritoneal cavity- pain will refer to left shoulder in prone pos!

Question 14

what are the 3 parts of the stomach

Answer 14

Fundus- above cardio opening, usually filled with air
Body- has greater and lesser curvature, ends at angular incisure
Pyloris- has 2 parts- pyloric antrum + Pyloric canal (has pyloric sphincter)

Question 15

what are the mucosal folds in the stomach called

Answer 15

gastric folds/ rugea

Question 16

What is a gastrojejuostomy and hiatal hernia

Answer 16

gastrojejunostomy- connection bw stomach and jejunum

Hiatal hernia- protrusion of parts of stomach thru diaphragm

Question 17

what are the 4 parts of the duodenum and VB lvls

Answer 17

1st part- extends from pyloris and runs at level of L1 vert
2nd part- descend on r side of l1,2,3
3rd- crosses midline at lvl of l3
4th- ascends towards left side of l2- continuous with jejunum

Question 18

what is the major and minor duodenal papilla

Answer 18

major- where bile and pancreatic duct exit

minor- where accessor pancreatic duct exits

Question 19

What structure can be compressed in the head of the pacers when there is a cancer

Answer 19

Bile duct

Question 20

What is meckel diverticulum

Answer 20

tube structure that mimics the appendix but comes from terminal illium

Question 21

portions of the large intestine (6)

Answer 21

1st part- cecum- has ileocecal valve on medial surface. Has appendix as well. Reflates to r iliac fossa

Ascedning colon- goes as far and r colic flexure. Post is fused to post wall.

Transverse colon- travels as far as left colic flexure, longest portion, intraparituneal organ

Descding colon- ending at lvl of left iliac fossa, post surface is fused to postlat wall.

Sigmoid colon- curves towards midline and at level at s2/3 is continuous to rectum.

Question 22

what are the 3 differentiating structures of the large intestine

Answer 22

Tania coli

Haustra- segmental look

oMental appendages

Question 23

what are the 3 tania coli and location

Answer 23

Free tania coli on ascending and descending

omental tania on transverse

Tania mesincoli med/lat of ascending/descending and post of transverse

-all converge to appendix

Question 24

what is mcburneys point

Answer 24

pain 3-4 cm away from asis towards the umbilicus (indicating apendix pain)

Question 25

What is diverticolosis

Answer 25

multiple small external pockets of the mucosa extend thru muscular layer

Question 26

folds inside small vs large intestine

Answer 26

small- circular folds

large- semilunar folds

Question 27

what aa are the supra colic organs supplied by + branches (3)

Answer 27

Celiac trunk

1. hepatic aa
2. Left gastric aa
3. splenic aa

Question 28

What is the infra colic organs ( up to left colic flexure) supplied by + branches (3)

Answer 28

Sup mesenteric aa

1. right colic aa
2. middle colic aa
3. iliocolic aa

Question 29

What supplies the infra colic organs past the left colic flexure + branches

Answer 29

Inf mesenteric aa

1. left colic aa
2. sigmoid aa
3. rectal aa

Question 30

what 3 veins create the portal vein

Answer 30

Splenic vein
inf mesenteric vein
sup mesenteric vein

Question 31

what vein from stomach drains directly into the portal vein

Answer 31

Right gastric vein

Question 32

lesser and greater curvature of the stomach is supplied by what

Answer 32

lesser-Right and left gastric aa (r from common hepatic, l from celiac)

greater- R+ left gastroomental aa (l brach of splenic, r from common hepatic)

Question 33

Gastic veins anastomose with these veins and what can it cause if there is portal hypertension

Answer 33

esophageal veins–> can cause esophageal vein blowuips

Question 34

What supplies the head of the pancreas, duodenum

Answer 34

ant, sup and inf pancreaticoduodenal aa

Question 35

what is the body and tail of the pancreas supplied by

Answer 35

splenic aa

Question 36

Sympathetic and parasympathetic inn of supra colic organs

Answer 36

sympathetic- greater splanchnic (T6-9)

Parasympathetic- post vagal trunk

Question 37

what are most infra colic organs supplied by: sympathetic and parasympathetic

Answer 37

most supplied by sup mesenteric ganglion

Sympathetic- leaser splanchnic T10-11

Parasympathetic- post vagal trunk

Question 38

what also supplies a small portion of infra colic organs: sympathetic + parasytmpathetic

Answer 38

Inf mesenteric ganglion

symp- lumbar splanchnic (l1/2)

para- sacral plexus (S234)