Mediastinum Flashcards
what structures enclose the mediastinum (sup, inf, ant, post)
sup- superior throacic apeture
Inf- diaphram
Ant- sternum and costal cartilages of true ribs
post- T1-12 vert bodies
What is the transverse thoracic plane and what does it divide + level
Divides mediastinum to sup and inf parts.
Goes thru sternal angle and IVD T4/5/bifurcation of trachea
where is the thymus located (+ in children)
Located just post to mandibrium in adults (in child it will get into the inf mediastinum)
Blood supply and venous drainage of thymus
Blood- int thoracic artery + 1st and 2nd intercostal aa
Venous- int thoracic vein + brachiocephalic trunks
Lymph drainage of thymus
Drains into parasternal tracheobronchial lymph nodes
where does the thoracic duct drain into
Left venous angle (int jug and subclavian meet)
What drains into the right venous angle (and what doesi it drain)
R lymphatic duct
-lymph produced by r head, neck, upper limb and thorax
Superior vena cava- location in relation to trachea/aorta, what nerve runs over it and what major vein drains into its post
anteriolat to trachea, right of ascending aorta (attaches to r mediastinal pleura
- R phrenic runs over it
- Azygos vein drains into its post
If a thymus tumor develops what could it compress and what s the symptoms
Can compress L brachciocephalic vein and cause edema in left upper limb
What is the ascending aorta part of and located in
in pericardial sac and belongs to the middle mediastinum
where does the arch of the aorta start and end
begins at 2nd chondral jt arches up towards left and sup to root of right lung and ends at ivd T4/5
Branches of arch of aorta (starting from closest to heart) + what % of ppl have this pattern
60% have this pattern
- Brachiocephalic trunk (divides into right subclav + R comon corotid)
- Left comon corotid
- Left subclavian
What is the ligamentum arteriosum and what did it connect and what nerve passes under
rementent of ductus arteriosus- connection bw left pulmonary artery to aortic arch
-left recurent pharyngeal passes under
what are the two parts of the trachea
cervical
thoracic- superior thoracic apeture down to where R + L main bronchi bifurcate
What does the R main bronchus pass infront of
What does L main bronchus pass infront and behind to
R- ant to axygos v (shorter and wider)
L- Ant to esophagus, inf to arch of aorta
If you inhaled an object where would it likely get stuck
sucked into r main bronchus and lodge in one of the lobar branches
Thoracic part of esophagus is ant and post to what
ant- to VB t1-4
post to trachea
a trachea tumor or aortic anerysium can compress this structure
upper part of esophagus causing swallowing issues
What are the 3 divs of the inf mediastinum
Ant, middle and post mediastinum
Where is the ant mediastinum located and contents
Bw sternum and pericardial sac
- Sternopericardial ligs, fat, retrostenal lyph nodes, int thoracic vessels, inf thymus (in children)
Where is the medial mediastunum located and contents (4)
located bw the ant and post walls of the pericardial sac
pericardial sac with heart inside, ascending aorta, pulmonary trunk, intrapericardial portion of SVC and IVC
where is the post mediastinum located (what is ant + post) and contents (4)
located bw post pericardial sac and VB T5-12
thoracic aorta, thoracic duct, azygos vein, lower part of esophagus + nerve plexus
Where does the thoracic aorta travel and what are the branches (6)
downward on left side of T5-12 (then becomes abdominal aorta)
Branches- Esophageal, pericardial, mediastinal (off front), bronchial, paired intercostal, sup phrenic
where does the thoracic duct originate and travel to
originates at level of L1/2, ascends with aorta on post side bw azygos vein and drains into l venous angle
