Perineum Flashcards
What does line the connects the isial tuberosities seperate
Separates it into 2 triangles
Urogenital triangle and anal triangle
What are the borders of the perineum (ant, antlat, lat, postlat, post)
ant- pubic symphysis
Antlat- ischiopubic rami
Lat- ischial tub
postlat- sacrotub ligs
Post- coccyx
Where is the sischioanal fossa located and what are the borders (med, lat, supermed)
On both sides of anus
Lat- ischium, obturator internees
Med-ext anal sphincter
Supermed- Lev ani
What are the contents of the ischioanal fossa (4)
- ishioanal fat pad
- int pudendal aa and v
- pudendal n
- inf anal neurovascular bundle
where does the pudendal n end and what does it supply
Ends as inf rectal n (supplies ext anal spincter)
what aa supplies above and below pectinate line of anal canal
middle mesenteric above
Internal iliac aa below
where does veinous drainage from above pectinate line and below
above- to portal venous system (drugs go st8 to liver)
below-canal venous system
where does lymphatics go from above pectinate line and below
above- to int iliac
below- superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Inn of above and below pectinate line
above- autonomic inn
below- somatomotor and somatosensory
Where is the superficial perineal pouch located
located between perineal fascia and perineal membrane bounded lat by ischiopubic rami
What is the contents of the superficial perineal pouch in males(5)
- root(bulb and crux)of the penisand associated muscles (ischiocavernosusandbulbospongiosus).
- proximal (bulbous) part of thespongy urethra.
- superficial transverse perineal muscles.
- deep perineal branchesof the internal pudendal vessels and pudendal nerves.
What is the contents of the superficial perineal pouch in females
- clitorisand associated muscle (ischiocavernosus).
- bulbs of the vestibuleand surrounding muscle (bulbospongiosus).
- greater vestibular glands.
- superficial transverse perineal muscles.
- related vessels and nerves (deep perineal branchesof the internal pudendal vessels and pudendal nerves).
Where is the deep perineal pouch found (inf, sup, lat)
Inf- perineal membrane
Sup- inf fascia of pelvic diaphragm
Lat- inf portion of obturator fascia
What is found in both sexes in the deep perineal pouch
- part of the urethra
- Inf part of ext urethral sphincter muscle
- Ant ext of ischioanal fat pads
What is also found in the deep perineal pouch in males (4)
- intermediate part of the urethra
- deep transverse perineal muscles
- bulbo-urethral glands
- dorsal neurovascular structures of the penis.
What is also found in deep perineal pouch in females (3)
- proximal part of theurethra.
- a mass of smooth muscle in the place of deep transverse perineal muscles
- dorsal neurovasculature of the clitoris.
What are the 3 muscles of the sup perineal pouch
- Superficial transverse perineal mm
- Bulbospongiousus
- Ischiocabernosis
What is the great vestibular glad used for and where is it located
under bulb of vestibule (which is on either side of vagina)
-used to lube opening of vag
what are the 2 muscles of the deep perineal pouch
- Deep transverse perineal mm—o- medial surface of ishiopubic ramaus, i- central tendon of perineurum,
- Spinchter urethrea (compressor urethrae)- for tonicity of urethra
What does the sacral nerve plexus create
Pudendal n
What is the route of the pudendal nerve
leaves pelvis thru infrapiraform space, and renters pelvis thru lesser sciatic notch and goes to pudendal canal
What are the branches of the pudendal n (4)
- Gives off inf anal n before it enters pudendal cana
- Superfical branches (for skin)
- Deep branches (Parneal mm)
- terminal is n inn dorm of penis/clit
What would pudendal n entrapment in pudendal canal lead to
numbness in penis, scrotum, labia major and urinary incontinence
What is the blood supply of this area
Internal pudendal aa
inf rectal, perineal, post scrotal, bulbous a, deep a of penis, dorsal aa of penis
