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Clinical Lab Procedures > Platelets/Retics > Flashcards

Platelets/Retics Flashcards

1
Q

What is a platelet?

A

a disc shaped blood cell that facilitates blood coagulation (clotting)

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2
Q

What are the 4 clotting functions that a platelet performs?

A

maintain vascular integrity, help arrest bleeding, contribute to fibrin formation promote vascular healing

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3
Q

How do you obtain a manual platelet count?

A

count platelets in 10 fields, then average, then multiply by 15,000

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4
Q

What units is a platelets count recorded in?

A

/uL

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5
Q

What is the normal platelet count for canines?

A

200,000-500,000/uL

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6
Q

What is a normal platelet count for felines?

A

300,000-800,00/uL

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7
Q

Why would an animal have thrombocytosis (high platelet count)?

A

primary bone marrow disorders, secondary to disease, physiological

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8
Q

Why would an animal have thrombocytopenia (low platelets)?

A

abnormal platelet production, accelerated platelet removal, abnormal distribution of platelets, combination of above

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9
Q

What are platelets also called?

A

thrombocytes

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10
Q

What do platelets derive from?

A

megakarocyte

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11
Q

Where are platelets produced?

A

bone marrow

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12
Q

All platelets are _______.

A

anucleated

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13
Q

Canine platelet morphology

A

small, round to oval shaped, light blue

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13
Q

Feline platelet morphology

A

small, round to oval shaped, light blue

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14
Q

When can macroplatelets be found?

A

when there is a demand for platelets

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15
Q

Cat platelets tend to _______________.

A

clump easily

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16
Q

An average of _______ platelets per field

A

7-21 platelets

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17
Q

What is used most by clinical blood machines?

A

impedance-based platelet counts

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18
Q

What two species is platelet clumping normal in?

A

cats and cows

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19
Q

What is thrombocytosis?

A

increase in thrombocytes

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20
Q

What is thrombocytopenia?

A

decrease in platelets

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21
Q

What are some clinical signs of anemia?

A

pale MM, increased RR, lethargic, may even collapse

22
Q

What is the most common red cell disturbance in animals?

A

anemia

23
Q

What is regenerative anemia?

A

indicates that the body is responding to the decreased level of red blood cells in the body

24
Q

What is nonregenerative anemia?

A

indicated that the body is not responding to the decreased levels of red blood cells in the body

25
Q

What are reticulocytes?

A

young, anucleated erythrocytes

26
Q

What are the two methods of performing a reticulocyte count?

A

tube methods, slide methods

27
Q

How is the tube method performed?

A

mix equal amounts of whole blood and new methylene blue stain in a small test tube, allow to stand for 10-15 minutes, prepare blood smear

28
Q

How you manually get a reticulocyte count?

A

use tube method to create blood smear
count reticulocytes in 10 fields, add all and divide by 10 (record as %)

29
Q

What types of reticulocytes do cats have?

A

aggregate and punctate

30
Q

What reticulocytes do you count in cats?

A

aggregated

31
Q

What is the difference between aggregate and punctate reticulocytes?

A

aggregate granules clump, punctate have less granules

32
Q

How long does it take for aggregate to change to punctate?

A

12-24 hours

33
Q

How long do punctate reticulocytes circulate in the blood?

A

7-10 days

34
Q

What is a marked degree of anemia in cats?

A

severe anemia, >5.0% reticulocyte count, >200,00/uL ARC

35
Q

What is anisocytosis?

A

varying sizes

36
Q

What are some causes of nonregenerative anemia?

A

chronic renal disease, hypothyroidism, hypoadrenocorticism (Addison’s disease)

37
Q

What is erythroblastosis?

A

production of immature RBCs

38
Q

Why would a non-anemic animal have NRBCs?

A

bone marrow injury, splenic function abnormality, seen with basophilic stippling (lead poisoning)

39
Q

What is reticulocytosis?

A

increased amount of reticulocytes

40
Q

How long does it take for reticulocytes to be seen in anemic animals?

A

takes 2-3 days

41
Q

What is a marked degree of anemia in dogs?

A

severe anemia, 500,00/uL ARC

42
Q

What should you assume a normal HCT for dogs is?

A

45%

43
Q

What should you assume a normal HCT for cats is?

A

35%

44
Q

What is a normal CRP in dogs?

A

<1%

45
Q

What is a normal CRP in cats?

A

<0.4%

46
Q

RBC production should ____________.

A

production should equal destruction

47
Q

What is a normal red cell production index (RPI)?

A

~1 day

48
Q

What is the shape of a thrombocyte?

A

round to oval shaped

49
Q

Thrombocytes are technically not cells because they lack a ________.

A

nucleus

50
Q

What type of platelet is a normal finding in a King Charles Cavalier Spaniel?

A

macroplatelets

51
Q

Regenerative is a good thing except in what species?

A

horses

52
Q

What species platelets are very small?

A

llamas

Clinical Lab Procedures (13 decks)

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