Plants - Photosynthesis

Question 1

Photosynthesis

Answer 1

the process that converts solar energy into chemical energy within chloroplasts

Question 2

Autotrophs

Answer 2

“self-feeders” that sustain themselves without eating anything derived from other organisms

Question 3

Photoautotrophs

Answer 3

use the energy of sunlight to make organic molecules (almost all plants)

Question 4

Photosynthesis also occurs in

Answer 4

algae, certain other protists, and some prokaryotes

Question 5

Photosynthesis reverses the direction of

Answer 5

electron flow compared to respiration

Question 6

Photosynthesis is a redox process in which

Answer 6

H2O is oxidized and CO2 is reduced

Question 7

Photosynthesis is an ……… process; the energy boost is provided by ……..

Answer 7

endergonic / light

Question 8

What organelle performs photosynthesis?

Answer 8

Chloroplasts

Question 9

A chloroplast has an envelope of two membranes surrounding a dense fluid called the

Answer 9

stroma

Question 10

Thylakoids

Answer 10

connected sacs in the chloroplast that compose a third membrane system

Question 10

Thylakoids

Answer 10

connected sacs in the chloroplast that compose a third membrane system

Question 11

Chlorophyll

Answer 11

pigment that gives leaves green color, in the thylakoid membranes

Question 12

Photosynthesis consists of the ……. …….. and ……. …….

Answer 12

light reactions / Calvin cycle

Question 13

The light reactions (in the thylakoids)

Answer 13

• Reduce the electron acceptor NADP+ to NADPH
• Generate ATP from ADP by photophosphorylation

Question 14

The Calvin cycle makes sugar from ….., using the …… and …… generated during the light reactions

Answer 14

CO2 / ATP / NADPH

Question 15

The Calvin cycle begins with ….. ……., incorporating CO2 into organic molecules

Answer 15

carbon fixation

Question 16

Chloroplasts split H2O into hydrogen and oxygen, incorporating the

Answer 16

electrons of hydrogen into sugar molecules and releasing O2 as a by-product

Question 17

Light reactions

Answer 17

• Are carried out by molecules in the thylakoid membranes
• Convert light energy to thechemical energy of ATP and NADPH
• Split H2O and release O2 to the atmosphere

Question 18

Calvin cycle reactions

Answer 18

• Take place in the stroma
• Use ATP and NADPH to convertCO2 to the sugar G3P
• Return ADP, inorganic phosphate,and NADP+ to the light reactions

Question 19

Spectrophotometer

Answer 19

measures a pigment’s ability to absorb various wavelengths

Question 20

Absorption spectrum

Answer 20

a graph plotting a pigment’s light absorption versus wavelength

Question 21

Chlorophyll a

Answer 21

the key light-capturing pigment that participates directly in light reactions

Question 22

Chlorophyll b

Answer 22

an accessory pigment

Question 23

The absorption spectrum of chlorophyll a indicates that ………. and …….. light will work best for photosynthesis, while ……. is the least effective

Answer 23

violet-blue / red / green

Question 23

The absorption spectrum of chlorophyll a indicates that .......... and ........ light will work best for photosynthesis, while ....... is the least effective

Answer 23

violet-blue / red / green

Question 24

Action spectrum

Answer 24

a profile of the relative effectiveness of different wavelengths, confirms the effectiveness of violet-blue and red light

Question 25

Carotenoids

Answer 25

accessory pigments that are yellow or orange because they absorb violet and blue-green light