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Biology > Plant Unit Review > Flashcards

Plant Unit Review Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Name four characteristics of ALL plants.

A

Multicellular, eukaryotic, autotrophic, and immobile

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2
Q

What is the age of the oldest plant fossils?

A

450 million years old

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3
Q

What is the dominant generation in bryophytes?

A

Gametophytes

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4
Q

What is the dominant generation for vascular plants?

A

Sporophyte

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5
Q

How many cotyledons do monocots have?

A

1

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6
Q

How many cotyledons do dicots have?

A

2

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7
Q

What are the leaf veins like in monocots?

A

Parallel

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8
Q

What are the leaf veins like in dicots?

A

Net

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9
Q

What are the stems like in monocots?

A

Vascular bundles scattered

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10
Q

What are the stems like in dicots?

A

Vascular bundles in a ring

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11
Q

What are roots in monocots?

A

Fibrous

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12
Q

What are the roots in dicots?

A

Taproot

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13
Q

What are the flowers in multiples of in monocots?

A

Multiples of 3

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14
Q

What are the flowers in multiples of in dicots?

A

Multiples of 4 or 5

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15
Q

What are nonvascular plants?

A

Plants without vascular tissues

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16
Q

Examples of nonvascular plants.

A

Aka bryophytes

Ex. Mosses, liverworts, hornworts

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17
Q

What are seedless vascular plants?

A

Plants with seeds but no vascular tissues

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18
Q

Ex. Of seedless vascular plants.

A

Ferns, horsetails, club mosses

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19
Q

Seed plant whose seeds aren’t enclosed in fruit

A

Gymnosperms

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20
Q

Aka conifers, evergreens

A

Gymnosperms

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21
Q

Ex. Of gymnosperms

A

Pines, spruces, firs, redwoods

22
Q

Seed plant that has seeds enclosed in some type of fruit

A

Angiosperm

23
Q

Aka flowering plants

A

Angiosperms

24
Q

Ex. Of angiosperms

A

Roses, sunflowers, fruit plants

25
Q

From what type of angiosperm do we get most grains?

A

Monocots

26
Q

What are the major types of seed dispersal mechanisms?

A

Wind-maple samaras, dandelion fur

Hitchhikers- sweet gum balls, burrs

27
Q

What do seedless vascular plants produce?

A

Spores

28
Q

Compare and contrast angiosperms and gymnosperms.

A

Similar- both sporophyte dominant generation/ both reproduce with seeds
Different- angiosperms have 225,000 species and gymnosperms have 600 species/ angiosperms have flowers while gymnosperms have cones

29
Q

What are the two vascular tissues?

A

Xylem and phloem

30
Q

Transports water and nutrients UP from the roots to the rest if the plant

A

Xylem tissue

31
Q

Transports sugars from photosynthesis DOWN from leaves to rest of the plant

A

Phloem

32
Q

What is the function of roots?

A

Anchor plant and absorb water/nutrients

33
Q

What is the function of stems?

A

Support upright growth and connects roots and leaves

34
Q

What is the function of leaves?

A

Primary photosynthesis organ if vascular plants

35
Q

What is the main function of root hairs?

A

Increase surface area for water and mineral absorption

36
Q

How does fertilization occur in the flower of an angiosperm?

A

Pollen sticks to the stigma, travels down the shoe to the ovary where the ovules are fertilized (pollinated). The ovules will then develop into embryos within seeds.

37
Q

What do gametophyte plants produce?

A

Gametes

38
Q

What do sporophyte plants produce?

A

Spores

39
Q

What do plants take in and release?

A

In- carbon dioxide

Out- oxygen

40
Q

What is the study of plants?

A

Botany

41
Q

What are the parts of the stamen?

A

Anther and filament

42
Q

What are the parts of the pistil/carpal?

A

Stigma, style, ovary, and ovules in the ovary

43
Q

What is the stimulus of phototropism?

A

Light

44
Q

What is the stimulus of thigmotropism?

A

Touch/direct contact

45
Q

What is the stimulus of gravitropism?

A

Force of gravity(like roots)

46
Q

What is the name given to the life cycle of plants?

A

Alteration of generation

47
Q

Haploid or diploid- gametes

A

Haploid

48
Q

Haploid or diploid- zygote

A

Diploid

49
Q

Haploid or diploid- spores

A

Diploid

50
Q

Haploid or diploid- sporophyte

A

Diploid

51
Q

Haploid or diploid- gametophyte

A

Haploid

52
Q

What specific type of plant like protist is thought to be the ancestors of plants?

A

Green algae

Biology (15 decks)

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