17.2- Classification Based On Evolutionary Relationships Flashcards
What can be showed as a branching tree diagram to show how different groups of species are related?
Phylogeny
Classification based on common ancestry
Cladistics
What is the most common method to make evolutionary trees?
Cladistics
What is the goal of cladistics?
To place species in order in which they descended from a common ancestor
A group of species that shares a common ancestor
Clade
An evolutionary tree that proposes how species may be related to each other through common ancestors
Cladogram
What evidence is used to figure evolutionary relationships in modern classification?
From living species, the fossil record, and molecular data
Traits that can be used to figure out evolutionary relationships among a group of species are those that are shared by some species but aren’t present in others
Derived characteristics
What are used in cladograms and show how closely organisms are?
Derived characteristics
Group of species that share no derived characteristics with the other members being studied
Outgroup
What are shown as hash marks between the branches of the cladogram and all above the hash mark share the characteristic?
Derived characteristics
The order in which …… Are in is hypothesized o be the order in which h they descended from their common ancestor.
Derived characteristics
What is the place where a branch splits?
Nodes
What does the first node represent?m
The common ancestor for the whole clade.
How can clade be identified?
The snip rule
