17.4- Domains And Kindgoms

Question 1

What happened in 1938?

Answer 1

Herbert Copeland argued that prokaryotes deserved their own kingdom called Monera.

Question 2

What happened in 1959?

Answer 2

Robert Wittakes proposed that because of how they feed, fungi should be placed into their own kingdom from plants called Kingdom Fungi.

Question 3

What happened in 1977?

Answer 3

rRNA research by Carl Woese revealed 2 genetically different groups of prokaryotes. His findings led scientists to split the kingdom Monera into 2 kingdoms called Bacteria and Archea.

Question 4

What else did Woese propose based on differences in cell wall chemistry?

Answer 4

All life will be divided into 3 domains above the kingdom level.

Question 5

What are the 3 domains?

Answer 5

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya

Question 6

Domain that includes single called prokaryotes in the Kingdom Bacteria.

Answer 6

Bacteria

Question 7

What is the largest group of organisms on Earth?

Answer 7

Domain Bacteria

Question 8

How can domain Bacteria be classified?

Answer 8

By traits like shape, need for oxygen, and whether they cause disease

Question 9

Domain with single celled prokaryotes

Answer 9

Archaea

Question 10

What are known for their ability to live in extreme environments?

Answer 10

Archaea

Question 11

Give examples of environments Archaea live in?

Answer 11

Deep sea vents, hot geysers, Antarctic waters, and salt lakes

Question 12

Where are all archaea in Domain Archaea?

Answer 12

Kingdom Archaea

Question 13

Domain made up of all organisms with eukaryotic cells

Answer 13

Eukarya

Question 14

What can Eukarya organisms be?

Answer 14

Single celled or colonial

Question 15

What kingdoms does Eukarya include?

Answer 15

Protista, Plantae, Fungi, Animalia

Question 16

Why do some scientists think that bacteria and archaea have no true species?

Answer 16

Many organisms transfer genes among themselves outside of typical reproduction which blurs the lines between species as we define them in the Linnaean system.

Question 17

The 2 kingdom system was accepted until 1800 when what happened?

Answer 17

Ernest Haeckl proposed moving all single called organisms to the Kingdom Protista.