PLANT CELLS AND TISSUES Flashcards
plants are composed of there major organ groups:
roots, stems, and leaves
the most common plant cell type
Parenchyma cells
stores starch oils and water
Parenchyma cells
help heal wounds to the plant
Parenchyma cells
have thin flexible walls
Parenchyma cells
provide support to a growing plant
collenchyma cells
they are strong and flexible
collenchyma cells
celery strings are strands of ______
collenchyma cells
they have unevenly thick cell walls
collenchyma cells
are the strongest plant cell type
Sclerenchyma cells
second cell wall hardened by lignin
Sclerenchyma cells
die when they reach maturity
Sclerenchyma cells
used by humans to make linen and rope
Sclerenchyma cells
two types of plant tissue
meristematic tissue
permanent tissue
are found
in meristems, which are plant regions of continuous
cell division and growth.
Meristematic Tissue
are either undifferentiated
or incompletely differentiated, and they continue to
divide and contribute to the growth of the plant.
Meristematic Tissue
contain meristematic tissue located
at the tips of stems and roots, which enable a plant
to extend in length.
Apical meristems
facilitate growth in thickness or
girth in a maturing plant
Lateral meristems
occur only in
monocots, at the bases of leaf blades and
at nodes
Intercalary meristems
covers the outside of a plant.
- Dermal tissue
protects the plant
Dermal tissue
secretes cuticle of leaves
Dermal tissue
forms outer bark of trees
Dermal tissue
is found inside a plant
Ground tissue
provides support
Ground tissue
stores materials in roots and stems
Ground tissue
most commonly made of parenchyma
Ground tissue
transports water, minerals and organic
compounds
Vascular tissue
two networks of hollow
tubes
Vascular tissue
xylem transports water and
minerals
Vascular tissue
phloem transports
photosynthetic products
Vascular tissue
allows for the transport of
water, minerals, and sugars
Vascular system
Water and dissolved minerals move
through _____
xylem
contains specialized cells.
Xylem
_____ elements are short and wide
vessel
are long and narrow
tracheid cells
cells die at maturity
xylem
Plants passively transport water through the _____
xylem
is the tendency of water molecules to bond with
each other.
cohesion
is the
tendency of water
molecules to bond
with other
substances
Adhesion
explains water movement
cohesion-tension theory
cohesion and adhesion in ____
xylem
– transpiration at
leaves
absorption occurs at
roots
Water travels from
roots to the top of trees
is the evaporation of water through leaf stomata.
transpiration
is the loss of water
vapor through leaves.
Transpiration
water vapor exits leaf stomata
Transpiration
helps pull water to the top
branches
Transpiration
carries sugars from
photosynthesis throughout the plant
Phloem
contains specialized
cells.
Phloem
sieve tube elements have holes at
ends
Phloem
companion cells help sieve tube
elements
Phloem
unlike xylem, phloem tissue is___
alive
explains sugar movement
Pressure-flow model
plants actively transport sugar from the source
Pressure-flow
sugar flows to the sink due to pressure differences
Pressure-flow
move from their
source, such as
photosynthesizing
leaves, into the phloem.
sugar
moves from
the xylem into the
phloem by osmosis,
due to the higher
concentration of the
sugars in the phloem.
water
move into
the sink, such as root
or fruit, where the are
stored
sugar
Roots and stems form the support system of ___
vascular plants.
Where meristematic tissue found?
Meristems
____ transports water and minerals
Xylem
___ transports photosynthetic products
Phloem
It is the major force moving water through plants.
transpiration
Water and dissolved minerals in the soil are pulled into roots through cell walls, through plasmodesmata (channels), or from cell to cell through their vacuoles.
Absorption
