PARTS OF THE CELL Flashcards

1
Q

the smallest unit of an organism that carries on the functions of life

A

Cell

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2
Q

A_____ can perform all the processes of life.

A

cell

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3
Q

up to a meter long

A

nerve cells

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4
Q

dot of an i

A

human egg cell

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5
Q

80,000 could fit in the dot of an i

A

bacteria

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6
Q

very simple; no
membrane-bound structures

A

Prokaryotic cell

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7
Q

more advanced; has
membrane-bound structures

A

Eukaryotic cell

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8
Q

ex: animal cells, plant cells)

A

Eukaryotic cell

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9
Q

ex: bacteria

A

Prokaryotic cell

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10
Q

Outer boundary of the cell

A

Cell Membrane

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11
Q

Double lipid membrane

A

Cell Membrane

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12
Q

Selectively permeable

A

Cell Membrane

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13
Q

Protects inside

A

Cell Membrane

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14
Q

Supports/gives shape

A

Cell Membrane

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15
Q

Controls what enters/leaves - “gatekeeper”

A

Cell Membrane

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16
Q

Helps maintain homeostasis (ability to keep a stable environment)

A

Cell Membrane

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17
Q

ANALOGY OF CELL MEMBRANE

A

Townline

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18
Q

ONLY IN PLANTS

A

Cell Wall

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19
Q

Made of cellulose

A

Cell Wall

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20
Q

Strong & rigid

A

Cell Wall

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21
Q

Dead layer

A

Cell Wall

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22
Q

Protects/support

A

Cell Wall

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23
Q

Gives shape

A

Cell Wall

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24
Q

Analogy of cell wall

A

Castle Wall

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25
Jelly-like substance
Cytoplasm
26
80% water
Cytoplasm
27
Organelles float in _______
cytoplasm
28
Materials for growth are found in _____
cytoplasm
29
Expels waste through cell membrane
Cytoplasm
30
Analogy of Cytoplasm
Town property
31
Surrounded by nuclear membrane
Nucleus
32
Usually round/oval
Nucleus
33
Near center
Nucleus
34
Control center of cell
Nucleus
35
Controls cell activities
Nucleus
36
Contains chromosomes
Nucleus
37
Analogy of Nucleus
Mayor and city council
38
Has an outer membrane and an inner folded membrane
Mitochondria
39
Rod shaped
Mitochondria
40
Cellular respiration
Mitochondria
41
Turns food into useable energy (ATP)
Mitochondria
42
analogy of Mitochondria
Power house (powerplant)
43
Tiny, round, dark
Ribosomes
44
Can be free floating or attached to endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosomes
45
Protein factories
Ribosomes
46
Assembles proteins used in growth, repair and control
Ribosomes
47
analogy of Ribosomes
Factory
48
Network of tubes and canals
Endoplasmic Reticulum
49
no ribosomes attached
Smooth ER
50
ribosomes are attached
Rough ER
51
Transports materials “intracellular highway”
Endoplasmic Reticulum
52
analogy of Endoplasmic Reticulum
Roads and highways
53
Series of flattened sacs
Golgi Bodies
54
Processes, packages and secretes material
Golgi Bodies
55
Materials that are transported by the ER usually stop first at the _____where they are stored or altered before moving to other parts of the cell
Golgi Bodies
56
analogy of Golgi Bodies
Center for Manufacturing and shipping (UPS)
57
ONLY IN ANIMALS
Lysosomes
58
Contains powerful digestive chemicals
Lysosomes
59
Contains digestive enzymes (chemicals), breaks things down
Lysosomes
60
“suicide sac”
Lysosomes
61
analogy of Lysosomes
Garbage collectors
62
Fluid-filled sacs that float in the cytoplasm
Vacuoles
63
Stores water and food materials
Vacuoles
64
Stores waste and helps the cell get rid of waste
Vacuoles
65
Plant cells contain a large central ______- filled with water - helps give shape
Vacuoles
66
analogy of Vacuoles
Storage warehouse
67
ONLY IN PLANT CELLS
Chloroplast
68
Green, oval-shaped
Chloroplast
69
Contains green pigment chlorophyll
Chloroplast
70
Site of photosynthesis
Chloroplast
71
Traps the sun’s energy to make glucose
Chloroplast
72
analogy of Chloroplast
Greenhouse or solar cell
73
Have cell walls, chloroplasts, large vacuoles
PLANT CELLS
74
Have lysosomes
ANIMAL CELLS
75
: Rigid cell walls allow plants to grow upright.
plant cells
76
Have large quantities of mitochondria for energy.
Muscle Cells
77
Thin, flexible discs allow them to squeeze through tiny blood vessels.
Red Blood Cells
78
Have long projections through which messages are sent throughout the body.
nerve cells