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Gen. Biology > PARTS OF THE CELL > Flashcards

PARTS OF THE CELL Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

the smallest unit of an organism that carries on the functions of life

A

Cell

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2
Q

A_____ can perform all the processes of life.

A

cell

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3
Q

up to a meter long

A

nerve cells

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4
Q

dot of an i

A

human egg cell

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5
Q

80,000 could fit in the dot of an i

A

bacteria

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6
Q

very simple; no
membrane-bound structures

A

Prokaryotic cell

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7
Q

more advanced; has
membrane-bound structures

A

Eukaryotic cell

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8
Q

ex: animal cells, plant cells)

A

Eukaryotic cell

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9
Q

ex: bacteria

A

Prokaryotic cell

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10
Q

Outer boundary of the cell

A

Cell Membrane

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11
Q

Double lipid membrane

A

Cell Membrane

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12
Q

Selectively permeable

A

Cell Membrane

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13
Q

Protects inside

A

Cell Membrane

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14
Q

Supports/gives shape

A

Cell Membrane

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15
Q

Controls what enters/leaves - “gatekeeper”

A

Cell Membrane

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16
Q

Helps maintain homeostasis (ability to keep a stable environment)

A

Cell Membrane

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17
Q

ANALOGY OF CELL MEMBRANE

A

Townline

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18
Q

ONLY IN PLANTS

A

Cell Wall

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19
Q

Made of cellulose

A

Cell Wall

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20
Q

Strong & rigid

A

Cell Wall

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21
Q

Dead layer

A

Cell Wall

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22
Q

Protects/support

A

Cell Wall

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23
Q

Gives shape

A

Cell Wall

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24
Q

Analogy of cell wall

A

Castle Wall

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25
Q

Jelly-like substance

A

Cytoplasm

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26
Q

80% water

A

Cytoplasm

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27
Q

Organelles float in _______

A

cytoplasm

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28
Q

Materials for growth are found in _____

A

cytoplasm

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29
Q

Expels waste through cell membrane

A

Cytoplasm

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30
Q

Analogy of Cytoplasm

A

Town property

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31
Q

Surrounded by nuclear membrane

A

Nucleus

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32
Q

Usually round/oval

A

Nucleus

33
Q

Near center

A

Nucleus

34
Q

Control center of cell

A

Nucleus

35
Q

Controls cell activities

A

Nucleus

36
Q

Contains chromosomes

A

Nucleus

37
Q

Analogy of Nucleus

A

Mayor and city council

38
Q

Has an outer membrane and an inner folded membrane

A

Mitochondria

39
Q

Rod shaped

A

Mitochondria

40
Q

Cellular respiration

A

Mitochondria

41
Q

Turns food into useable energy (ATP)

A

Mitochondria

42
Q

analogy of Mitochondria

A

Power house (powerplant)

43
Q

Tiny, round, dark

A

Ribosomes

44
Q

Can be free floating or attached to endoplasmic reticulum

A

Ribosomes

45
Q

Protein factories

A

Ribosomes

46
Q

Assembles proteins used in growth, repair and control

A

Ribosomes

47
Q

analogy of Ribosomes

A

Factory

48
Q

Network of tubes and canals

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

49
Q

no ribosomes attached

A

Smooth ER

50
Q

ribosomes are attached

A

Rough ER

51
Q

Transports materials “intracellular highway”

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

52
Q

analogy of Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Roads and highways

53
Q

Series of flattened sacs

A

Golgi Bodies

54
Q

Processes, packages and secretes material

A

Golgi Bodies

55
Q

Materials that are transported by the ER usually stop first at the _____where they are stored or altered before moving to other parts of the cell

A

Golgi Bodies

56
Q

analogy of Golgi Bodies

A

Center for Manufacturing and shipping (UPS)

57
Q

ONLY IN ANIMALS

A

Lysosomes

58
Q

Contains powerful digestive chemicals

A

Lysosomes

59
Q

Contains digestive enzymes (chemicals), breaks things down

A

Lysosomes

60
Q

“suicide sac”

A

Lysosomes

61
Q

analogy of Lysosomes

A

Garbage collectors

62
Q

Fluid-filled sacs that float in the cytoplasm

A

Vacuoles

63
Q

Stores water and food materials

A

Vacuoles

64
Q

Stores waste and helps the cell get rid of waste

A

Vacuoles

65
Q

Plant cells contain a large central ______- filled with water - helps give shape

A

Vacuoles

66
Q

analogy of Vacuoles

A

Storage warehouse

67
Q

ONLY IN PLANT CELLS

A

Chloroplast

68
Q

Green, oval-shaped

A

Chloroplast

69
Q

Contains green pigment chlorophyll

A

Chloroplast

70
Q

Site of photosynthesis

A

Chloroplast

71
Q

Traps the sun’s energy to make glucose

A

Chloroplast

72
Q

analogy of Chloroplast

A

Greenhouse or solar cell

73
Q

Have cell walls,
chloroplasts,
large vacuoles

A

PLANT CELLS

74
Q

Have lysosomes

A

ANIMAL CELLS

75
Q

: Rigid cell walls allow plants to grow upright.

A

plant cells

76
Q

Have large quantities of mitochondria for energy.

A

Muscle Cells

77
Q

Thin, flexible discs allow them to squeeze through tiny blood vessels.

A

Red Blood Cells

78
Q

Have long projections through which messages are sent throughout the body.

A

nerve cells

Gen. Biology (18 decks)

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