Geological time scale

Question 1

are the preserved remains of plants and animals whose bodies were buried in sediments, such as sand and mud, under
ancient seas, lakes and rivers.

Answer 1

Fossils

Question 2

divides up the history of the
earth based on life-forms that have existed during specific times since the creation of the
planet.

Answer 2

geologic time scale

Question 3

are photosynthetic
bacteria, also known
as the blue-green
algae.

Answer 3

Cyanobacteria

Question 4

are cells which contains a nucleus
enclosed within the nuclear membrane

Answer 4

Eukaryotic cells

Question 5

are the seed-producing plant

Answer 5

Gymnosperm

Question 6

are plants that produce
flowers and bear their
seeds in fruit

Answer 6

Angiosperms

Question 7

What is the first bird?

Answer 7

Archaeopteryx

Question 8

Has a number of features
not found in modern birds

Answer 8

Archaeopteryx

Question 9

Archaeopteryx-1st bird
Has a number of features
not found in modern birds,
including?

Answer 9

1. jaws with teeth
2. claws on hands
3. long, bony tail

Question 10

first known primate to walk upright

Answer 10

Sahelanthropus

Question 11

divides up the history of the earth based on life-forms that have existed during specific times since the creation of the planet.

Answer 11

geologic time scale

Question 12

what is the division of geological time scale called?

Answer 12

geochronologic units

Question 13

The Geologic Time Scale is divided by the following divisions:

Answer 13

Eons, Eras, Period, and Epochs

Question 14

Longest subdivision; based on the abundance of certain fossils

Answer 14

Eons

Question 15

Next to longest subdivision; marked by major changes in the fossil record

Answer 15

Eras

Question 16

Based on types of life existing at the time

Answer 16

Periods

Question 17

Shortest subdivision; marked by differences in life forms and can
vary trom continent to continent

Answer 17

Epochs

Question 18

a Danish physician (1638-1687), described how the position of a rock layer could be used to show the relative age of the layer. He devised the three main principles that underlie the interpretation of geologic time

Answer 18

Nicholas Steno

Question 19

the three main principles that underlie the interpretation of geologic time:

Answer 19

The principle of superposition
The principle of horizontality
The principle of original lateral continuity

Question 20

The layer on the bottom was deposited first and so is the oldest

Answer 20

The principle of superposition

Question 21

All rock layers were originally deposited horizontally.

Answer 21

The principle of horizontality

Question 22

Originally deposited layers of rock extend laterally in all directions until either thinning out or being cut off by a different rock layer.

Answer 22

The principle of original lateral continuity:

Question 23

was a surveyor who was in charge of mapping a large part of England. He was the first to understand that certain rock units could be identified by the particular assemblages of fossils they contained.

Answer 23

William Smith

Question 24

Each age in the earth’s history is unique such that fossil remains will be unique. This permits vertical and horizontal correlation of the rock layers based on fossil species.

Answer 24

The principle of biologic succession

Question 25

These important principles have formed the framework for the geologic area of______, which is the study of_____.

Answer 25

stratigraphy, layered rock (strata).

Question 26

they produce seeds without fruits

Answer 26

gymnosperm

Question 27

Cyanobacteria are _____

Answer 27

photosynthetic bacteria